The Effect of Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation on the Cognition, Anxiety, Depression and Sleep Quality of Chronic Psychiatric Patients

1. Research background Residents of nursing homes are chronically ill patients who are placed in long-term homes. Studies have shown that most residents live alone and are prone to loneliness, loss, depression, and anxiety (Lapane et al., 2022). Cranial electrostimulation (CES) can improve anxiety, depression, and sleep, but there are few studies on the cognitive status of patients with chronic mental illness.

2. Research purpose This study uses cranial microcurrent stimulation (CES) to improve cognition, anxiety, depression, sleep and other conditions in patients with chronic mental illness, with the aim of improving their quality of life.

3. Screening criteria for respondents 3.1 Inclusion criteria (Those who meet the following criteria are suitable to participate in this study)

4. Chronic mental illness patients, 2. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) ≥ 16 points, 3. Education level is junior high school graduates or above, 4. Appropriate oral expression ability, 5. Those who can complete the research consent form, 6. Those who are willing to participate in this study Exclusion conditions (If you have the following conditions, you cannot participate in this study)

5. Those with obvious risk of violence or suicide; 2. Those with cognitive impairment diagnosed with intellectual disability or autism 4. Research Methods

6. The study was conducted at the Psychiatric Center

7. A total of 92 people were admitted, and they were randomly grouped.

8. This study is a interventional study. Before the intervention, a questionnaire must be filled out, which takes about 30 minutes. Then CES is performed 5 times a week, each time for 40 minutes. After completion, the questionnaire must be filled out again. After 3 months of follow-up, another questionnaire test will be conducted.

9. Possible discomfort and treatment methods During the CES intervention, if you feel dizzy, skin allergies, ear discomfort, or any discomfort, the intervention will be stopped immediately and the medical team will evaluate and treat you.

10. Expected benefits of the study This study uses cranial electrostimulation (CES) to improve cognition, anxiety, depression, sleep and other conditions in patients with chronic mental illness, with the aim of improving their quality of life.

6 Matters that respondents should cooperate with during the research Express your true inner thoughts on the questionnaire content. 7 Confidentiality This study collects data through questionnaires. All identifiable data will be coded to ensure personal data security and case privacy.

8. Subsidies and Damages Respondents who complete the research data collection will receive a gift voucher worth approximately NT$300