Peginterferon α-2b Injection for the Treatment of Pediatric RSV Bronchiolitis

Inclusion Criteria:

1. The guardian of the child is able to understand the content, requirements, andlimitations of the protocol, fully understands the possible adverse reactions thatmay occur during the study, is willing to complete the follow-up as required, andvoluntarily signs the informed consent form before the start of the study.

2. The child's age is 6 months or older but no more than 2 years old (including thecritical value) at the time of signing the informed consent, and the gender is notspecified.

3. Positive viral detection in nasopharyngeal swab.

4. Presence of rapid breathing, wheezing, moist rales and/or wheezing sounds in thelungs; with or without chest imaging showing signs of hyperinflation, patchyinfiltrates, localized atelectasis, and peribronchitis.

5. The severity of the illness is mild or moderate (evaluation criteria see Appendix 1:Wang Bronchiolitis Scoring Standard).

6. The time from the onset of the child's illness to the signing of the informedconsent form is within 72 hours (the appearance of symptoms and signs related to RSVbronchiolitis does not exceed 72 hours from the signing of the informed consent,including but not limited to: tachypnea, wheezing, hypoxemia, dyspnea, fever).

7. No use of other antiviral drugs or immunomodulators within 3 weeks beforerandomization.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Extreme restlessness, drowsiness, coma, and possibly requiring mechanicalventilation assistance for breathing.

2. Presence of other chronic severe diseases such as cardiac insufficiency, respiratoryinsufficiency, liver insufficiency, renal insufficiency, and severe malnutrition.

3. Having autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus or psoriasis, orimmunodeficiency diseases.

4. Having epilepsy or other disorders of central nervous system function.

5. The investigator's comprehensive judgment suspects a concurrent bacterial infection.

6. Clinical diagnosis of myocarditis or suspected myocarditis (diagnostic criteria seeAppendix 2: Diagnostic Recommendations for Myocarditis in Children).

7. Known or suspected allergy to interferon or excipients.

8. Participation in other interventional clinical trials within 3 months prior toscreening, or planning to participate in other clinical trials during the studyperiod. (9) A history of pneumonia in the past 3 months.

(10) Other conditions deemed unsuitable for inclusion by the investigator.