CHAPTER III OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
To determine the effect on turning in post-stroke patients with and without rhythmic
auditory stimulation (RAS)
To determine the effect on balance in post-stroke patients with and without rhythmic
auditory stimulation (RAS)
To determine the effect on cadence in post-stroke patients with and without rhythmic
auditory stimulation (RAS)
To determine the effect on gait speed in post-stroke patients with and without
rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS)
HYPOTHESIS OF STUDY
ALTERNATE HYPOTHESIS:
HA: There is a statistically significant difference on turning in post-stroke
patients with and without RAS i-e P<0.5
HA: There is a statistically significant difference on balance in post-stroke
patients with and without RAS i-e P<0.5
HA: There is a statistically significant difference on cadence in post-stroke
patients with and without RAS i-e P<0.5 4:HA: There is a statistically significant
difference on gait speed in post-stroke patients with and without RAS i-e P<0.5
NULL HYPOTHESIS:
HO: There is no statistically significant difference on turning in post-stroke
patients with and without RAS i-e P>0.5
HO: There is no statistically significant difference on balance in post-stroke
patients with and without RAS i-e P>0.5
HO: There is no statistically significant difference on cadence in post-stroke
patients with and without RAS i-e P>0.5
HO: There is no statistically significant difference on gait speed in post-stroke
patients with and without RAS i-e P>0.5
Sample Selection Criteria:
Recruitment was based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, as below:
Inclusion Criteria:
Age 45-60 years Male and Females both Sub-acute and chronic ischemic stroke patient (MCA
>6months) Mini Mental State Examination score of 25 or higher Functional Ambulation
Category (2-3) Berg Balance scale, score of 40-50
Exclusion Criteria:
Hemorrhagic stroke Case or history of epilepsy Patients, having other neurological
conditions, Alzheimer, Parkinson & Dementias
RANDOMIZATION & ALLOCATION:
Recruited participants were allocated to the experimental and the control group through
simple random sampling technique using coin toss method.
Experimental group has received Turning based specific training with Rhythmic Auditory
Stimulation (TBST-RAS).
Control group has received Turning based specific training without Rhythmic Auditory
Stimulation (TBST).
BLINDING:
This study was non-blinded.
DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE:
Before commencing data collection, we obtained ethical approval from ERC Foundation
University Islamabad, following which approval from the higher authorities of Fauji
Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi was taken. Participants were approached during their free
time and referred by medical OPD who were willing to volunteer for the study. Informed
consent in written form was taken after explaining the research purpose along with the
associated participation benefits and risks to the individuals. Participants were
included in the study after considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Baseline data
was obtained, by performing 180 degree test, Figure of eight, Berg balance scale, Time up
and Go (TUG), and 10 meter walk (10MWT) for Turning, Balance, Cadence, and Gait Speed
respectively, then participants underwent an intervention phase of 6 weeks (3 days per
week on alternate days). After completion of sessions, post-assessment was done for
evaluation of turning, balance and gait.