In the field of rare neurological diseases, familiar spastic paraplegia represents a
movement disorder with no specific therapy that can treat the disease or stop its
evolution. Therefore, "therapy" is mainly symptomatic, going to act not on the cause of
the disorder but on its clinical manifestation. In this context, the definition of
effective rehabilitative treatment protocols is extremely important to ensure a
qualitatively consistent intake with the goal of containing the functional decline
related to the natural history of pathology. The crucial aspect of the disease is
represented by alterations in gait pattern resulting in reduced functional skills and
negative impact on the subject's quality of life.
Over the past 20 years, robotic technological gait rehabilitation has entered and spread
in addition to conventional rehabilitation because of its ability to be highly motivating
and engaging, showing itself effective as a complementary therapy. Among the various
systems on the market, Lokomat (HOCOMA) is one of the most popular and widely used for
treatment in both pediatric and adult populations. The literature is full with works in
which Lokomat is used in subjects with neurological disorders (Stroke, Spinal Cord
Injury, Infantile Cerebral Palsy) with good results especially in the functional domain.
The objective of our study is to evaluate the efficacyof an intensive rehabilitation
protocol with Lokomat combined with traditional treatment in a mixed population
(pediatric and adult) of subjects with hereditary spastic paraplegia. In addition,
follow-up evaluation will allow consideration of the maintenance of the results obtained
from the intensive course.
Patients undergo a combined rehabilitation treatment consisting of 15 sessions on Lokomat
and 15 sessions of physical therapy over three weeks for a total of 30 sessions. The same
subjects undergo clinical-functional evaluations before, at the end of treatment and
after a 3-month follow-up:
3D Gait Analysis with defined protocol (BTSBioenginner); Spastic Paraplegia Rating Scale
(SPRS); Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), Ten Meters Walk Test (10MWT), Gross Motor Function
Measure-88 (GMFM-88) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS); Quality of life questionnaires:
Medical Outcome Survey Short Form (SF-36) and ad hoc questionnaire for subjective
assessment of symptoms during walking (HSP-SNAP).
The proposed study is both retrospective and prospective: 29 subjects have already been
included in the retrospective database, and it is hypothesized to collect data from an
additional 21 subjects.
The treatment will be able to take place in both inpatient and MAC settings, and the
protocol includes performance evaluation through clinical and instrumental assessments in
the population of subjects with HSP treated with the Lokomat device at the IRCCS Medea
site in Bosisio Parini.