Female Sexual Dysfunction (FSD) is a significant public health concern. FSD can lead to
various health issues and increase the risk of developing other conditions such as
osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Although hormone therapy is commonly
used to treat FSD, its long-term use may have adverse effects on cardiovascular health
and raise the risk of cancer. Therefore, exploring new, safe, and effective treatment
methods is essential. In 2015, the FDA approved the use of flibanserin (Addyi® Sprout
Pharmaceuticals, USA) for premenopausal women with reduced sexual desire. However, this
therapy remains controversial due to its potential side effects and limited efficacy.
Current treatments for Female Sexual Dysfunction (FSD) mainly involve hormone replacement
therapy, gonadotropin therapy, dietary supplements, or lifestyle modifications. While
hormone therapy is commonly used to address hormonal decline in women, long-term use may
lead to cardiovascular issues or cancer. Therefore, exploring psychological therapies and
researching new potential treatments to meet patients' needs is essential.
Recent studies suggest that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer a safe approach to
restoring hormone deficiencies. Clinical trials have investigated the use of MSC
transplants to treat conditions like premature ovarian failure and ovarian cancer.
Numerous trials have employed MSCs derived from bone marrow, umbilical cords, adipose
tissue, or menstrual blood to address ovarian and uterine dysfunctions. Edessy et al.
reported using autologous stem cells to treat 10 participants with premature ovarian
failure. Following transplantation, two participants resumed menstruation within three
months, one of whom became pregnant after 11 months and delivered a healthy full-term
baby. Hormonal tests in the pregnant case revealed restored levels of FSH, LH, E2, and
AMH to normal ranges. Although these studies are limited by small sample sizes and the
lack of control groups, they highlight the potential of MSC transplantation as a
treatment for FSD.
A study by Mashayekhi et al. demonstrated the safety of autologous adipose-derived
mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy for premature ovarian failure, with no adverse
effects reported among nine participants receiving different cell doses. Menstruation
resumed in two participants in both the high-dose (15x10^6 cells/kg) and lower-dose
(5x10^6 and 10x10^6 cells/kg) groups, while serum FSH levels improved in four
participants. Despite small sample size and lack of a control group, the study supports
the safety of MSC infusion into the ovaries. Another ongoing trial (NCT01853501) aims to
further investigate MSC therapy for ovarian failure, though results are pending. In
Vietnam, the Vinmec Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology conducted a study on
Female Sexual Dysfunction (FSD), using intravenous MSC infusions for 16 women. The trial
reported no adverse effects, with participants reporting improved satisfaction with
sexual health, though hormone levels (AMH, FSH, and E2) showed no significant changes.
This study aims to address the need for a novel and more effective approach to treating
hormonal decline in women, not only improving sexual function but also enhancing their
quality of life. Based on this rationale, we have decided to conduct the study titled
"Investigating the efficacy of autologous, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy
for the treatment of sexual function impairment in women aged 40-50," with the following
objective: Evaluate the improvement in sexual function among women aged 40-50 years who
received autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy.