tFUS for Memory in mNCD and Healthy Adults

Inclusion Criteria for Healthy Older Adults

• Age 50-85

• English as a first/primary language

• Capacity to consent

• No Diagnosis of mNCD or dementia

Exclusion Criteria for Healthy Older Adults

• Current substance use disorder, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia spectrum or other psychotic diagnosis

• Daily/weekly anticholinergic or sedative use. Stimulants may be used pending investigator review. Cholinesterase inhibitors, NMDA receptor antagonists, and antidepressants are allowed if on a stable regimen for 4 weeks prior to enrollment

• History of significant or unstable conditions that may impact cognition, such as significant cardiac, cerebrovascular, or metabolic disease, developmental disorder, or other neurologic disease (e.g., moderate to severe TBI, seizures)

• MRI or tFUS contraindications (e.g., metal implants, claustrophobia, conditions or treatments that lower seizure threshold, taking medications that have short half-lives)

• Enrolled in a clinical trial or has received an investigational medication or device in the last 30 days

Inclusion Criteria for mNCD

• Age 50-85

• English as a first/primary language

• Diagnosed with mNCD by a healthcare provider within the past 2 years per NIA-AA or DSM-5 criteria

• Has ≥ 2 impaired scores within one cognitive domain OR ≥ 1 impaired score in ≥ 3 domains, where impaired score is defined as ≤ 16th percentile using demographically-corrected norms

• Must have a co-participant (e.g., spouse, adult child, relative, sibling, cohabitor, friend, or caregiver) with at least weekly in-person contact with the participant

Exclusion Criteria for mNCD

• Prior diagnosis of dementia or major neurocognitive disorder per NIA-AA or DSM-5 criteria, and telephone interview for cognitive status (TICS) score ≤ 22

• Current substance use disorder, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia spectrum or other psychotic diagnosis

• Daily/weekly anticholinergic or sedative use. Stimulants may be used pending investigator review. Cholinesterase inhibitors, NMDA receptor antagonists, and antidepressants are allowed if on a stable regimen for 4 weeks prior to enrollment

• History of significant or unstable conditions that may impact cognition, such as significant cardiac, cerebrovascular, or metabolic disease, developmental disorder, or other neurologic disease (e.g., moderate to severe TBI, seizures)

• MRI or tFUS contraindications (e.g., metal implants, claustrophobia, conditions or treatments than lower seizure threshold, taking medications that have short half-lives)

• Enrolled in a clinical trial or has received an investigational medication or device in the last 30 days