Viral hepatitis are primarily human systemic infections caused by viruses hepatic
diseases which cause damage to the liver by hepatocyte infection of the virus and/or a
host immune response to the virus. (1) Hepatitis is grouped into five types (A, B, C, D,
E) and is mainly transmitted by parenteral, sexual and fetomaternal. (2) Hepatitis B
virus (HBV) was discovered in 1965 in the United States.(3)It is a DNA virus that belongs
to the family Hepadnaviridae. (4) Hepatitis B infection is characterized by signs
clinical conditions such as jaundice, asthenia, anorexia but in the vast majority of
cases (98% of infections). The course of hepatitis B is not serious; Nine out of ten
people will clear the virus thanks to their immune defenses: they heal spontaneously and
are immune because they made antibodies against HBV.(5) In 10% of infected people (15% in
men, 5% in women), the hepatitis virus B will remain in the liver where it will be more
or less active. This activity leads to chronic hepatitis.
Approximately 316 million people are chronic carriers of HBV worldwide (1-3) and
approximately 887,000 deaths are linked to the hepatitis B virus each year. Appropriate
support for carrying Chronic HBV reduces the risk of transmission. The WHO has set the
goal of elimination of viral hepatitis B and C in 2030.(5) The biomarkers specifically
associated with this infection are: Hbs antigen (HbsAg), antibodies anti-Hbs, anti-HBc
antibodies, Hbe antigen, anti-HBe antibodies, virus DNA in plasma.
Chronic hepatitis B is defined by the maintenance of HBs antigen in the blood beyond 6
months.(6) The diagnosis of acute hepatitis B is based on the combination of a clinical
picture such as acute febrile state.
accompanied or followed by jaundice or an increase in hepatic transaminases (AST, ALT,
gammaGT) and the presence of HBs antigen and anti-HBc IgM and viral DNA in the blood.(6)
Treatment monitoring of chronic hepatitis B is carried out by monitoring the viral load
of hepatitis B in the blood. Furthermore, quantification of viral load during hepatitis
monitoring Chronic B is essential in order to be able to assess and anticipate the risk
of progression towards fibrosis.(6) On the European market, quantitative determination of
hepatitis B viral load as part of Diagnosis and monitoring of the disease is done by
real-time PCR which is the reference technique.(7) As part of routine care, there are
several diagnostic PCR kits that can be used on plasma or serum. Today, there are no CE
approved PCR kits that allow the quantification of viral DNA at the both serum and
plasma. Our study will make it possible to evaluate the performance of the Bioneer kit
PCR kit AccuPower® Quant Kit Bioneer ExiStation™FA 96/384 on serum and plasma from
patients with hepatitis B.