Efficacy and Safety of Ursodeoxycholic Acid in Reversing Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia

Inclusion Criteria:

• patients aged from 18 to 75 years old.

• patients with OLGIM stage Ⅱ-Ⅳ diagnosed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy andhistopathological examination within the last 3 months.

• patients without Helicobacter pylori infection, including patients who hadsuccessful Helicobacter pylori eradication before enrollment.

Exclusion Criteria:

• a history of regular use (defined as at least once per week) of non-steroidalanti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and/or statins.

• a history of stomach surgery (including endoscopic submucosal dissection andendoscopic mucosal resection) or previously diagnosed malignant tumor.

• a history of heart failure, renal failure, liver cirrhosis or chronic hepaticfailure; patients with contraindications or allergies to the drugs in this study.

• breastfeeding or pregnancy.

• a history of substance abuse or alcohol abuse within the past one year.

• patients with severe mental illness.

• refusal to undergo drug treatment.

• refusal to sign informed consent.