In the following pilot randomized-controlled trial, the investigators' aim is to
determine whether FMT treatment demonstrates feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary
effectiveness in pediatric AN participants. The investigators will assess how the use of
FMT affects participants' rate of weight restoration, gut microbiome, relevant urine and
blood biomarkers, and mood symptoms. The investigators' rationale for performing the
study is to better understand the interactions between the intestinal microbiome, energy
regulation, and behavior. This will be the first study to assess the role of FMT in
pediatric AN and will help establish whether this adjunctive treatment modality has
benefit in managing the metabolic and behavioral manifestations of this complex
neuropsychiatric disorder.
In terms of study procedures, members of a pilot sample of 20 AN patients recruited from
McMaster Children's Hospital will be randomized to receive FMT or placebo. All
participants will be asked to complete a battery of assessments at regular intervals over
the 8-week intervention period, and at a follow-up point at four weeks post-intervention.
The study's primary outcomes are recruitment and retention rates. Descriptive statistics
will be used to determine the number of adolescents who will agree to participate in the
study and those who will complete the study.
One of the study's secondary outcomes is participants' attitudes toward FMT. This will be
measured through qualitative interviews among those who completed the intervention and
those who do not agree to participate in the study.
The investigators will know we have reached saturation by using a method called
"information power" and will explore how broad the research questions are, if there are
clear theories to guide the analysis, how varied the participants in the study are, and
how much useful information is accrued. Based on this, the investigators will determine
the appropriate number of interviews to lead.
The remaining secondary outcome is a battery of preliminary outcomes (clinical,
biological, biochemical and safety). The investigators will assess these outcomes at
multiple timepoints using questionnaires, anthropometric data, stool analysis (16s rRNA),
urine metabolic analysis, saliva ultra filtrates, changes in blood work, and common
terminology criteria for adverse events for safety outcomes.