Outcomes of the PLHIV With Suboptimal Viral Suppression to Injectable Long-acting Antiretrovirals

Inclusion Criteria:

• Willing to sign the written informed consent form for male and female participantsaged 18 and above.

• At the time of enrollment, diagnosed with HIV infection for a minimum of 12 months.

• Under oral antiretroviral treatment (ART), which can be irregular or interrupted,with the most recent viral load ≥ 200 copies/mL.

• Body weight ≥ 35Kg.

• Willing to maintain contact with the research team throughout the study (provideaccurate and reachable phone numbers, social accounts like Line, or reliable contactinformation of family or friends).

• Willing to receive gluteal (buttocks) drug injections.

• Willing to transition back to oral medication or follow the recommended treatmentprescription according to the then-current national treatment guidelines afterdiscontinuation of long-acting injectable drugs.

Exclusion Criteria:

• For those currently undergoing oral antiretroviral therapy, who have started orrestarted oral ART for less than six consecutive months before screening.

• Previously undergone HIV drug resistance testing and known to have resistancemutations to either cabotegravir or rilpivirine.

• Unable to commit to maintaining contact with the research team throughout the study.

• Individuals who cannot receive treatment for hepatitis B during the period oftransitioning to long-acting injections, if they are hepatitis B carriers.

• Individuals with buttock fillers.

• Women who are planning to become pregnant, pregnant, or currently breastfeeding.