TCR Reserved and Power3 Gene Knock-out Allogeneic CD19-targeting CAR-T Cell Therapy in r/r B Cell Lymphoma

Last updated: February 15, 2025
Sponsor: Chinese PLA General Hospital
Overall Status: Active - Recruiting

Phase

1/2

Condition

Non-hodgkin's Lymphoma

Lymphoma

Hematologic Cancer

Treatment

Cyclophosphamide

Fludarabine

TCR reserved and Power3 gene knock-out allogeneic CD19-targeting CAR-T cell (ATHENA-2 CAR-T)

Clinical Study ID

NCT06323525
CHN-PLAGH-BT-083
  • Ages 18-70
  • All Genders

Study Summary

The safety and efficacy of the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T, a CD19-targeting, TRAC and Power3 double genes deleted allogeneic CAR-T cell product, are undergoing rigorous evaluation in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) subjects from our ATHENA trial (NCT06014073). Unexpectedly, expansion of the initial residual CD3-positive CAR T from products were measured in patients' peripheral blood (PB) without exception. Accompanying with host immune reconstitution and appearance of the detectable B cells, the CD3-positive allogenic CAR T cells exhibited a compelling amplification advantage over CD3-negative CAR T cells. The amplification of CD3-positive CAR T cell population dynamically suppressed host B cell recovery, and presumably surveilled the recurrence or progression of tumors, but did not induce typical Graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD). Additionally, a series of in vitro experiments illustrated that the HLA-mismatched fratricide between host T cells and TCR-reserved Power3-deleted allogenic CAR T cells was markedly slashed, which in combination with our observed clinical safety date supported the notion that only genomic deletion of Power3 gene in allo-CAR T cells is sufficient to overcome GvHD and host T cell-mediated rejection response.

In the ATHENA-2 study, our design is to preserve the expression of the TCR on T cells from healthy donors while selectively disabling the Power3 gene to prepare ATHENA-2 CAR T cells. This approach harnesses the tonic signaling of CAR T cells, resulting in enhanced persistence and improved response to treatment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ATHENA-2 in B-cell NHL.

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Age 18-70 (inclusive).

  2. Subjects who meet the following requirements:

2.1 Histologically confirmed refractory/relapsed B cell NHL, including the followingtypes defined by WHO 2016:

  • Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (DLBCL-NOS);

  • Primary mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL);

  • Transformed follicular lymphoma (TFL);

  • High-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements (HGBCL);

  • Follicular lymphoma (FL);

  • Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) (pathologically confirmed, with documentation ofmonoclonal B cells that have a chromosome translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32)and/or overexpress cyclin D1);

  • Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), including nodal or splenic marginal zone B-celllymphoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.

2.2 Relapsed disease is defined as disease progression (PD) after achieving diseaseremission (including CR and PR) with the latest standard regimen.

2.3 Refractory disease is defined as no CR to first-line therapy:

  • Evaluation of PD (never reached response or SD) after standard first-linetreatment, or

  • SD as best response after at least 4 cycles of first-line therapy (eg,4 cyclesof R-CHOP), or

  • PR as best response after at least 6 cycles and biopsy-proven residual diseaseor disease progression ≤ 6 months of therapy, or

  • Refractory post-autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT): i. Disease progressionor relapsed less than or equal to 12 months of ASCT (must have biopsy provenrecurrence in relapsed individuals); ii. If salvage therapy is given post-ASCT,the individual must have had no response to or relapsed after the last line oftherapy.

2.4 Individuals who are intolerant to standard treatment can also be included in thestudy in the investigator's judgment.

  1. Individuals must have received adequate prior therapy:

3.1 For MCL, prior therapy must have included:

  • Anthracycline or bendamustine-containing chemotherapy and

  • Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (unless investigator determines that tumor isCD20-negative) and

  • Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi).

3.2 For other types, prior therapy must have included:

  • Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (unless investigator determines that tumor isCD20-negative) and

  • Anthracycline containing chemotherapy regimen.

3.3 For individual with transformed FL must have relapse or refractory disease aftertransformation to DLBCL.

  1. At least 1 measurable lesion: lymph node site with a long axis >1.5cm, extranodalsite with a long axis >1.0cm (according to the Lugano2014 criteria). Lesions thathave been previously irradiated will be considered measurable only if progressionhas been documented following completion of radiation therapy.

  2. CD19 positive (detected by immunohistochemistry [IHC]).

  3. Toxicities due to prior therapy must be stable and recovered to ≤ Grade 1 (exceptfor hematological toxicities and clinically non-significant toxicities such asalopecia).

  4. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 2.

  5. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1 x 10^9/L, Platelet count ≥50 x 10^9/L,hemoglobin (Hgb) ≥ 80g/L (hemocytopenia caused by lymphoma invasion of bone marrowis not subject to conditions above).

  6. Adequate renal, hepatic, pulmonary and cardiac function defined as:

9.1 Serum creatinine≤1.5 upper limit of normal (ULN) or creatinine clearance (asestimated by Cockcroft Gault) ≥ 60 mL/min.

9.2 Serum alanine aminotransferase / aspartate aminotransferase (ALT/AST) ≤ 3 upperlimit of normal (ULN); Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 ULN, except in subjects with 3)Gilbert's syndrome.

9.3 Cardiac ejection fraction ≥ 50%, no evidence of pericardial effusion asdetermined by an echocardiogram (ECHO), and no clinically significantelectrocardiogram (ECG) findings.

9.4 Coagulation Function: International Normalized Ratio (INR) ≤ 1.5 times the upperlimit of normal (ULN), and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) ≤ 1.5 timesULN.

9.5 Baseline oxygen saturation >91% on room air.

  1. Subjects of both genders who are willing to practice birth control from the time ofconsent through 6 months after the completion of conditioning chemotherapy. Femalesof childbearing potential must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test (females who have undergone surgical sterilization or who have been postmenopausalfor at least 2 years are not considered to be of childbearing potential).

  2. Voluntarily participate in this clinical trial and sign an informed consent form.

Exclusion

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Expected survival time < 3 months per Principal Investigator's opinion.

  2. History of malignancy other than nonmelanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ (e.g.cervix, bladder, breast) or follicular lymphoma unless disease free for at least 3years.

  3. Autologous stem cell transplant with therapeutic intent within 3 months of plannedATHENA-2 CAR-T infusion.

  4. History of allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

  5. Patients who received any immunocellular therapy within 3 months before enrollment.

  6. Patients who have used any of the following agents or treatments within a specificperiod of time:

6.1 Received any chemotherapy drugs or small molecule targeted drugs within 2 weeksprior to lymphodepletion;

6.2 Received any monoclonal antibodies, antibody drug conjugates (ADCs), orbispecific antibodies within 3 weeks prior to lymphodepletion;

6.3 Received radiotherapy within 6 weeks prior to lymphodepletion. However, ifdisease progressed at the site of radiotherapy, or if there are positive lesionsdetected by PET-CT at non-radiotherapy sites, enrollment is allowed.

  1. Subjects with detectable cerebrospinal fluid malignant cells, or brain metastases,or with a history of central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma or primary CNS lymphoma.

  2. Presence of donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies directed against ATHENA-2 CAR-T.

  3. History of severe, immediate hypersensitivity reaction attributed to lymphodepletiondrugs or any component of ATHENA-2 CAR-T.

  4. Presence or suspicion of fungal, bacterial, viral, or other infection that isuncontrolled or requiring intravenous (IV) antimicrobials for management.

  5. Uncontrolled or active infectious diseases, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, acute or chronic active hepatitis B or C, epstein-barr virus (EBV),and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.

  6. History or presence of CNS disorder such as seizure disorder, cerebrovascularischemia/hemorrhage, dementia, cerebellar disease, or any autoimmune disease withCNS involvement.

  7. Subjects with cardiac atrial or cardiac ventricular lymphoma involvement.

  8. History of myocardial infarction, cardiac angioplasty or stenting, unstable angina,or other clinically significant cardiac disease within 12 months of enrollment.

  9. Expected or possible requirement for urgent therapy within 6 weeks due to ongoing orimpending oncologic emergency (eg, tumor mass effect, tumor lysis syndrome).

  10. Primary immunodeficiency.

  11. History of autoimmune disease (e.g. Crohn's, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus)resulting in end organ injury or requiring systemic immunosuppression/systemicdisease modifying agents within the last 2 years.

  12. History of symptomatic deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism requiring systemicanticoagulation within 6 months of enrollment.

  13. Any medical condition likely to interfere with assessment of safety or efficacy ofstudy treatment.

  14. History of severe immediate hypersensitivity reaction to any of the agents used inthis study.

  15. Vaccine ≤ 6 weeks prior to planned start of conditioning regimen.

  16. In the investigator's judgment, the subject is unlikely to complete allprotocol-required study visits or procedures, including follow-up visits, or complywith the study requirements for participation.

Study Design

Total Participants: 30
Treatment Group(s): 3
Primary Treatment: Cyclophosphamide
Phase: 1/2
Study Start date:
April 17, 2024
Estimated Completion Date:
April 25, 2027

Study Description

Phase 1 (dose escalation)

In phase 1, 6-18 subjects will be enrolled. Subjects will receive 3 doses of ATHENA-2 CAR-T cell therapy ( 1× 10^6 cells/kg, 3× 10^6 cells/kg, 6 × 10^6 cells/kg) increases from low dose to high dose according to the "3 + 3" principle:

Three (3) subjects are enrolled in a cohort corresponding to a dose level. If 1 subject in a cohort of 3 subjects experiences a dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), 3 additional subjects will be enrolled at the current dose level. For safety purposes, the administration of ATHENA-2 CAR T will be staggered by 28 days between the first two subjects in each cohort. And for each of the remaining cohorts, the administration of ATHENA-2 CAR-T will be staggered by 28 days before enter into the next cohort.

Phase 2 (expansion cohort)

In phase 2, 10 to 12 subjects will be enrolled and receive ATHENA-2 CAR-T cell infusion at dose of recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D), which will be determined based on the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), occurrence of DLT, the obtained efficacy results, pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics and other data according to the phase 1.

Objectives:

The primary objectives of the phase 1 are to evaluate the tolerability and safety of ATHENA-2 CAR-T in patients with r/r B-cell NHL, and determine RP2D. The primary purpose of the phase 2 study is to evaluate the efficacy of ATHENA-2 CAR-T in the above population.

Connect with a study center

  • Biotherapeutic Department of Chinese PLA General Hospital

    Beijing, Beijing 100853
    China

    Active - Recruiting

  • EdiGene Inc

    Beijing,
    China

    Active - Recruiting

  • School of Life Sciences, Peking University

    Beijing,
    China

    Active - Recruiting

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