Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Inclusion Criteria:

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus age 30 to 65 years old
• Hemoglobin A1C ≥ 6.5 but ≤ 10 %
• Have poor sleep quality as assessed by Insomnia Severity Index ≥ 15
• Receive the same hypoglycemic treatments 3 months before the intervention
• If using sleep aid, the dose needs to be stable for 3 months prior to the enrollment
• Ability to use the electronic devices (computer, tablet) and assess the internet
• Willing to attend all of the 8 sessions activities

Exclusion Criteria:

• Type 1 diabetes mellitus
• Night shift work
• Insulin therapy
• Severe hypoglycemia who required hospitalization or emergency department visit in thepast 6 months
• History of diabetic ketoacidosis in the past 6 months
• Medically unstable conditions eg. renal replacement therapy, liver failure, heartfailure, active cancer, epilepsy, unstable cerebrovascular disease
• Psychosis, uncontrolled depression
• Untreated obstructive sleep apnea or STOP-BANG ≥ 5
• Language/communication/hearing/sight disability
• Pregnancy or lactation
• Care giver of infant
• Harmful alcohol/smoking (≥15 standard-drink in men and ≥8 standard-drink in women)