Effects of High-frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Cerebral Autoregulation in Patients With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age 18-80 years, regardless of gender;
2. Diagnosed with CSVD, and neuroimaging presented as recent small subcortical infarcts;
3. Initiated transcranial magnetic stimulation within 7 days of onset;
4. Subject or legal representative agreed to the treatment and signed the informedconsent;

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Vascular stenosis > 50% diagnosed by Transcranial Doppler (TCD) and carotidultrasound;
2. Previous history of atrial fibrillation or myocardial infarction within 6 months;
3. Moyamoya disease or hereditary cerebral small vessel disease, such as CADASIL;
4. White matter hyperintensities (WMH) of non-vascular origin;
5. Severe hepatic and renal diseases, cancer or other major diseases related to integralmedical and surgical procedures;
6. Patients with contraindications to transcranial magnetic stimulation, such as metal orelectronic devices in the brain;
7. Pregnant or breastfeeding women;
8. The patients with disorders of consciousness, agitation or insufficient bilateraltemporal bone windows for insonation who cannot cooperate to dynamic cerebralautoregulation monitoring;
9. Previous history of epilepsy or family history of epilepsy;
10. Previous treatment with transcranial magnetic stimulation or its equivalent;
11. Unwillingness to be followed up or poor adherence to treatment;
12. Those who are participating in other clinical investigators, or who have participatedin other clinical studies within 3 months prior to enrollment, or who haveparticipated in this study;
13. Other conditions that the investigators deemed unsuitable for enrollment.