Prior research has shown that children with cerebral palsy (CP) use simplified motor
control strategies compared to nondisabled (ND) peers, and that these differences in
motor control are associated with walking function. While we can quantify motor control
during activities like walking, the processes by which a child with CP adapts and learns
new movement patterns are poorly understood.
This research will use two paradigms to evaluate adaptation and motor learning in
children with CP: walking on a split-belt treadmill and responding to multimodal
biofeedback. Walking on a split-belt treadmill, which has two belts set at different
speeds to induce asymmetry during walking, has been commonly used to evaluate adaptation
in other clinical populations. Responding to multimodal feedback can also be used to
evaluate an individual's capacity to adapt their walking pattern. This research will use
a real-time multimodal feedback system that targets plantarflexor activity, a key muscle
group that is often impaired in CP. Sensorimotor feedback will be provided using a
lightweight, body-worn robotic device that provides adaptive ankle resistance and
step-by-step audiovisual feedback will be provided based on muscle activity from the
plantarflexors using a visual display and audible tone. This research will quantify
adaptation rate (e.g., change in soleus activity or step length symmetry) in response to
these perturbations, and observe the impact of repeated practice or orthopedic surgery on
walking function (e.g., change in walking speed). The specific aims are to:
Aim-1: Quantify adaptation rates in children with CP. We will quantify adaptation rate in
response to three perturbation experiments: split-belt treadmill walking, sensorimotor
feedback, and audiovisual feedback. The primary hypotheses are that children with CP will
exhibit reduced adaptation rates compared to ND peers, and that adaptation rates will be
associated with function (Gross Motor Function Measure, GMFM-66).
Aim-2: Determine whether adaptation rates change in response to repeated multimodal
feedback training. We will evaluate children with CP who undergo six weeks of multimodal
biofeedback training (20-min, 2x/week) or orthopedic surgery. The primary hypothesis is
that multimodal feedback training will produce greater changes in adaptation rates than
orthopedic surgery.
Aim-3: Determine whether changes in gait after treatment are associated with adaptation
rates. Gait analysis will be performed to determine whether baseline adaptation rates are
associated with changes in gait after treatment. The primary hypotheses are that baseline
adaptation rates will be associated with changes in muscle, joint, and whole-body
performance.