Effect of a Probiotic on the Urinary Tract Microbiota of Participants with Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult women with aged between 18 and 55 years old, diagnosed with recurrent UTI (defined as at least two episodes during the last six months or three during thelast 12 months).

• Diagnosed, the last 7days, for a new UTI episode.

• Written informed consent signed.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Menopausal

• Pregnant, breastfeeding or planning to become pregnant during the study.

• Congenital abnormalities of the urinary tract.

• Renal functional alterations, such as neurogenic bladder or vesicoureteral reflux.

• Relevant renal disorders, such as interstitial cystitis, renal lithiasis, renalfailure, kidney transplantation, pyelonephritis, renal nephropathy, etc.

• Permanent catheter.

• Immunocompromised (eg: cancer and/or transplant, patients who are takingimmunosuppressive drugs, patients with hereditary diseases that affect or may affectthe immune system).

• Type I diabetes.

• With a defect in the intestinal epithelium barrier (eg: chronic diarrhea,inflammatory bowel disease).

• Heart failure and cardiac medical history (eg, artificial heart valve, medicalhistory of infective endocarditis, rheumatic fever, or cardiac malformation).

• Under antibiotics prophylactic treatment without willingness to leave it at the timeof inclusion.

• Probiotics supplementation during the previous 2 weeks.

• To have received Urovac, Uro-Vaxom or equivalent vaccine during the last year.

• Currently participating in another clinical trial.