Theta Burst Stimulation for Gambling Disorder

Inclusion Criteria:

1. age between 18 and 65 years;
2. fulfilling at least 4 of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual version 5 (DSM-5)criteria of gambling disorder for at least 12-month assessed by the StructuredClinical Interview

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Inability to provide informed consent or comprehend the study procedure;
2. A major psychiatric illness that required chronic psychotropic medication or inpatienttreatment, including schizophrenia spectrum disorder, bipolar spectrum disorder, andmajor depressive disorder with psychotic features.
3. A current DSM-5 diagnosis of substance use disorder except nicotine use disorder orthe use of one to two low-potency benzodiazepine tablets for sleep impairment;
4. Have known preexisting noise-induced hearing loss, concurrent treatment with ototoxicmedications, or with cochlear implants.
5. Unstable medical illness, including malignancy, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus,unstable cardiac disease or recent myocardial infarction, or cerebrovascular orcardiovascular risk factors that require intensive medical management
6. On medications known to lower seizure threshold (e.g., TCA, bupropion, clozapine)
7. Implants controlled by physiological signals, including pacemaker, implantablecardioverter defibrillator, cochlear implant.
8. Metallic objects in the head, including stenting, suture.
9. Elevated risk of seizure due to traumatic brain history, seizure history, and headtrauma, intracranial lesion, and alcohol or benzodiazepines withdrawal syndrome,stimulant intoxication.