Adjunctive Anti-seizure Medication (ASM) Real World Evidence (RWE) Study

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male and female patients of any ethnic origin ≥18 years old at baseline.

• Patients with diagnosis of focal-onset seizures with or without secondarygeneralization.

• Patients should have been eligible to start treatment with ASM as adjunctive therapyaccording to the physician's judgement prior to the inclusion.

• Patients should have clinical history of treatment failure with at least 2 ASMs.

• Patients using their seizure diary as part of their standard of care for at least 3months prior to -the study entry (diary can be paper or electronic, filled in bypatient and/or family members).

• Written informed consent (including data privacy consent) signed by the patient,legal guardian, or legally authorized representative prior to entering the study inaccordance with the ICH GCP guidelines

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients who meet any of the contraindications to the administration of adjunctiveASMs according to their approved SmPC.

• Progressive neurological disease, including degenerative CNS diseases andprogressive tumors.

• Patients with unstable psychiatric diagnosis that may confound participants' abilityto participate in the study or that may prevent completion of the protocol-specifiedassessments (e.g., in the judgement of the Investigator, pose an appreciable riskfor suicide, including suicidal behavior and ideation within 6 months prior toenrollment, current psychotic disorder, acute mania).

• Evidence of clinically significant disease (e.g., cardiac, respiratory,gastrointestinal, renal disease) that in the opinion of the Investigator couldaffect the participant's safety or interfere with study assessments.

• Patients with substance abuse or dependence (except for caffeine and nicotine).

• Patients participating in any pharmacological or nonpharmacological interventionalstudy within 30 days prior to baseline.