More than 60% of all informal Alzheimer's disease and related dementias caregiving costs
are borne by African American women. Not only do these women face the known deleterious
effects from caregiving stress, but also the deleterious effects from hypertension:
reduced quality of life and longevity, disability, cognitive decline, and strokes.
Indeed, the cumulative index of hypertension by age 55 is 75.7% for African American
women compared to 40% for White women. Despite the prevalence of hypertension among
African American women, to the investigator's knowledge, there are no interventions that
target the complexity of chronic caregiving stress and hypertension self-care for African
American women caregivers. The purpose of this pilot two-group randomized controlled
pilot (N=28) is to determine the feasibility and acceptability of Mindfulness in Motion
(MIM) plus the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) compared to an attention
control group (Alzheimer's Association Care Training Resources) in African American
caregivers with hypertension. MIM includes mindful awareness and movement from
chair/standing positions, breathing exercises, healthy sleep, and guided mindfulness
meditation. DASH (tailored for African Americans) uses a critical thinking approach that
involves problem solving, participant-centered goal setting, health coaching, reflection,
and development of self-efficacy (confidence) to promote physical activity and healthy
eating. The attention control, Care Training consists of healthy living for participant's
brain and body and effective communication. Randomized participants will receive the MIM
DASH or Caregiver Training in 8 weekly 1-hour group sessions via telehealth. Both groups
will receive bi-monthly coaching calls after completion of the 8-week intervention for
2-months. The central hypothesis is that by addressing caregiving stress
reactivity/stress resilience, as the underlying mechanism to facilitate behavioral
change, the intervention will also be successful in enhancing hypertension self-care.
Study aims are to: (1) Determine the feasibility and acceptability of MIM DASH and
Caregiver Training for African American women caregivers (age 40 and older) with
hypertension; (2) Explore the impact of MIM DASH as compared to Caregiving Training
control on caregiver stress (primary) and systolic blood pressure (secondary); and (3)
Examine caregiver stress reactivity/stress resilience as the potential mechanism of
action between the MIM DASH intervention and behavior change. Feasibility and
acceptability data (e.g., screening to enrollment and treatment-specific preference
ratings) will be collected throughout the study. Perceived stress, hair cortisol, stress
resilience/stress reactivity, systolic blood pressure, self-care practice (stress
management, nutrition, and physical activity) data are collected at baseline, 3-months,
3-months, and 9-months. This pilot will make a substantive contribution to the science of
behavior change by identifying basic mechanisms, in the adoption of healthy behaviors,
which can be used to implement self-care interventions to reduce health disparities in
African Americans. Findings from the pilot study will inform the infrastructure for an
R01 to the National Institutes on Aging.