Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressively degenerative disease, and is a leading
cause of disability with incidence and prevalence rising in most elderly populations which
contribute the number of OA continue increasing at a rapid rate. Indeed, the symptoms of OA
can cause disability, pain, and joint stiffness, even results poorer quality of life.
Self-management (SM) is worldwide reported as an effective approach to utilize for those with
chronic disease. However, we had been conducted a program that granted by the Ministry of
Science and Technology (NSC 102-2628-B-182-019-MY3), which showed the traditional SM program
have some limitation such as patients can't get help immediately, follow up the patients'
needs, fraud issue, involving all patients because geographical barriers, and the
effectiveness don't remain long term. Therefore, it is need to develop of scalable eHealth SM
models and practices seems mandatory in order to cope with the change in population needs and
reduce the burden of OA. Aim: The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate the efficacy
of a mobile app self-management (mSM) program focusing on patients' needs in OA patients over
a 6 months' follow-up.
Methods: This study will be conducted in three years. In the first year, a qualitative needs
assessment will be conducted to explore 20 parents' needs for improvements of the SM program
until the saturation is reached. The specific requirements of the mSM users based on the
parents' needs will be identified. In the second year, after patients' needs identified, the
mSM program focusing on patients' needs will be developed through the literature searched and
experts consulted. The mSM program contents, prototype, mobile application, field usability,
and user acceptance will be tested by a 4-month pilot study. To ensure the protocol is
realistic and whether any modifications of the program procedure are required by running
pilot study with 10 OA patients. In the third year, we will test a patient-needs mobile app
SM program for OA by randomized controlled trial of 6 months' duration. The total 66 patients
with OA will be recruited while the participant in orthopedics clinic of a hospital. The
experimental group (N=33) will receive a mSM program, and the control group (N=33) will
receive with the usual care only. The mSM program is developed on Bundura's self-efficacy
theory, which provides four sources of information for SM. The strategies of the mSM consist
of mobile app to management program including peer support, appraisal, goal setting and
self-monitoring of exercise for OA and symptom management. In order to examine the effects of
mSM program, data will be collected with 4 time points which will be conducted at baseline
(pre-discharge hospital) and at 1, 3, and 6 months, and by seven health- related outcomes
that include physical function, quality of OA care, self-efficacy, quality of life, SM
behaviors, and health services use. Outcome measures of this study will be analyzed using
descriptive and inferential statistics with the generalized estimating equations analysis.