Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Popliteal Artery Aneurysm

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains a highly topical issue given the potentially dramatic consequences associated with its rupture. In men, the prevalence of AAA is declining, probably due to improved management of risk factors. However, the most recent studies and international recommendations have reaffirmed that screening for AAA in men is still important and cost-effective. In contrast, data regarding the risk and characteristics of AAA in women are very limited and outdated. For this reason, the recommendations are contrasting and not univocal. About 35% of patients with AAA have a second aneurysm more distally. Popliteal artery aneurysm (PAA) is the most common. Like AAA, PAA is often asymptomatic and its main complication is thrombotic occlusion resulting in acute/chronic ischemia of the affected limb and a high prevalence of permanent sequelae (mainly amputation). Data on epidemiology and risk factors of PAA are very limited in men and absent in women. In addition, the benefit of PAA screening has never been assessed so far.

The aim of this study is to evaluate, by an opportunistic screening program based on vascular ultrasound, the prevalence and characteristics of AAA and PAA in a female population as well as the prevalence and characteristics of PAA in male population. The project represents the first screening program for popliteal aneurysm. Finally, the results will allow us to better assess need for and modalities of a screening program.