Capnographic Monitoring in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy for Elderly Patients

Inclusion Criteria:

• 65 ≤ Age <80
• patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopes
• patients signed informed consent form
• ASA classification I-II

Exclusion Criteria:

• Coagulation disorders or a tendency of nose bleeding
• An episode/exacerbation of congestive heart failure (CHF) that requires a change inmedication, diet or hospitalization from any cause in the last 6 months
• Severe aortic stenosis or mitral stenosis
• Cardiac surgery involving thoracotomy (e.g., coronary artery bypass graft (CABG),valve replacement surgery) in the last 6 months
• Acute myocardial infarction in the last 6 months
• Acute arrhythmia (including any tachycardia - or bradycardia) with the fluid ofhemodynamics instability
• Diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or current other acute or chronic lungdisease requiring supplemental chronic or intermittent oxygen therapy)
• Pre-existing bradycardia (heart rate < 50 / min), or hypoxia (SaO2< 90 % )
• Need supplemental oxygen because of pre-existing diseases
• Emergency procedure or surgery
• Multiple trauma
• Upper respiratory tract infection
• Allergy to propofol or tape and adhesives