Predictors of Disease Severity in COVID-19 Patients

Last updated: April 22, 2026
Sponsor: Zeljko Mijailovic
Overall Status: Completed

Phase

N/A

Condition

Covid-19

Treatment

Standard of health care

Clinical Study ID

NCT04887142
01/20-405
  • Ages > 18
  • All Genders

Study Summary

The primary goal of the VIRIONUM project is to analyze the association of clinical, socio-demographic characteristics of patients and their genetic polymorphism, inflammatory and other biochemical markers with disease progression and death in subjects with COVID-19 disease. The research is an observational, cohort study with nested-case control design, including adult, male and female COVID-19 inpatients. Primary dependent variable will be outcome of disease, defined as discharge from the hospital or death. The outcomes and putative risk factors will be analyzed using binary logistic regressions. The proposed multi- and inter-disciplinary study should provide additional scientific evidence about risk factors for the development of severe forms of the disease and the COVID-19-related death.

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adult age, 18 years old or more

  • Male or female

  • Hospitalization for COVID-19 after confirmation by SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen test orRT-PCR

  • Voluntary written consent of the subject to participate

Exclusion

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnant and breastfeeding women

  • Fatal outcome during the first 24 hours of hospitalization

  • Inability to collect the necessary study data

  • Declining of the subject to voluntary participate in the study

Study Design

Total Participants: 818
Treatment Group(s): 1
Primary Treatment: Standard of health care
Phase:
Study Start date:
April 04, 2020
Estimated Completion Date:
February 29, 2024

Study Description

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is etiological agent of heterogeneous corona-virus disease 19 (COVID-19), which clinical condition range from asymptomatic or mild to critically severe with high odds for fatal outcome. Since the pathophysiological pathways of COVID-19 disease development are not fully elucidated, resulting in repeated changes in treatment plans, there is an unmet need for more research into genetic, biochemical, immunological, and clinical predictive indicators of better outcomes in COVID-19 patients.

Aim: The VIRIONUM project's main aim is to investigate the relation between genetic polymorphisms, inflammatory and other biochemical markers, and disease severity and mortality in COVID-19-infected hospitalized patients.

Method and patients: The observational nested case-control clinical study will be conducted in at least 1019 COVID-19 patients. The genetic polymorphisms (ACE2, IFNL3/4 and TMPRSS2), serum concentration of soluble ACE2 and the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, blood concentration of common inflammatory and other biomarkers, peripheral blood mononuclear leukocyte (PBMC) phenotype, demographic and clinical risk factors will be monitored as independent variables, while the dependent variables will be the outcome of the disease and the severity of the clinical condition. Genotyping will be performed by Real-Time PCR method, and serum concentrations of ACE2 and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines by ELISA method, and PBMC phenotype by flow cytometry. The disease severity will be assessed according to WHO criteria.

Expected results: The findings of this clinical study will contribute to understanding of significant genetic, biochemical, and clinical determinants of severity and lethal outcomes in COVID-19 patients, as well as, creation of set of recommendations for individuals at higher risk - future, evidence-based, targeted and individualized approach.

Connect with a study center

  • Spitali Amerikan

    Tirana,
    Albania

    Site Not Available

  • General Hospital "Prim. dr. Abdulah Nakaš"

    Sarajevo,
    Bosnia and Herzegovina

    Site Not Available

  • KBC Rijeka, University of Rijeka

    Rijeka,
    Croatia

    Site Not Available

  • University of Montenegro, Faculty of Medicine

    Podgorica,
    Montenegro

    Site Not Available

  • Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Clinical Center Kragujevac

    Kragujevac, Srbija 34000
    Serbia

    Site Not Available

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