As there are over 15.000 patients in Poland on continuous tacrolimus (TAC) therapy, the
identification and validation of more sensitive and specific biomarkers is of utmost
importance. The investigators propose a multiple step assessment of TAC therapeutic drug
monitoring (TDM) in kidney and liver recipients. A role of genetic profiling on drug
concentration and clinical effects will also be addressed. The project will significantly
contribute to understanding tacrolimus pharmacokinetics and body response to drug exposure.
Moreover, the proposed project is the first attempt to integrate both different TDM measure
methods and patient genetics in a rigorous, prospective study with the assessment of the
clinical over- and underexposure TAC effects. It is expected to provide an argument for
implementation of even more personalized, predictable immunosuppressive therapy.
The investigators hypothesize that:
There is a correlation of free TAC level with drug toxicity on one hand, and graft
rejection and underimmunosuppression despite target whole blood concentration on the
other.
CYP3A5 expressors and non-expressors will present different levels of TAC in both whole
blood C0 and free TAC C0 as well as different effectiveness and toxicity profiles.
The concentration of free TAC is related to changes in the concentration of blood
components, thus it is possible to derive the equation for calculating free TAC
concentration as a useful tool for the drug dosage adjustment
Study design
Objectives:
Phase 1) A primary objective of this study is to develop and validate a new method for
unbound tacrolimus measurement. - Published: 12 March 2022
(https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14030632)
Phase 2) A primary objective is to calculate free fraction of TAC from hematocrit level,
albumin concentration and routine whole blood TAC C0 to predict dose adjustment more
accurately. The generated equation will be plotted against CYP3A polymorphisms.
Phase 3) A primary objective is to look for a correlation between unbound TAC level in an
ultrafiltrate with graft rejection episodes.
Secondary endpoints:
A complex comparison of different methods of determination of TAC concentration in whole
blood, plasma and ultrafiltrate is planned.
The benefit of genotyping before administration of TAC for dose prediction will be evaluated.
The studied groups:
40 consecutive kidney or liver transplant recipients on TAC-based immunosuppression.
300 kidney transplant recipients attending the local outpatient clinic.
40 kidney transplant recipients experiencing acute rejection of the renal allograft.
TAC measurements:
Measurements of unbound tacrolimus concentrations in plasma ultrafiltrate and tacrolimus
concentrations in plasma and whole blood will be performed using a Nexera LC System with
LCMS-8050 MS triple quadrupole with ascomycin and deuterated tacrolimus as internal
standards.
Genotyping:
DNA of patients will be purified and analyzed using RT-PCR for CYP3A4 and CYP3A5
polymorphisms Study duration: The study is scheduled for 3 years: 2.5 years for collection of
samples, 0.5 year for analysis and publication of the results.
Efficacy variables: Standard monitoring of blood and urine laboratory parameters, whole blood
TAC trough level (C0), plasma TAC concentration, free TAC concentration in plasma
ultrafiltrate, TAC daily doses.