Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common hepatic disease in
pediatrics, affecting about 30% of obese youth. The term NAFLD defines a wide spectrum of
disease severity ranging from simple intrahepatic fat accumulation without liver injury
(steatosis) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis and cirrhosis.
A 20-year retrospective study has shown that subjects who develop NAFLD during their
youth have about 13 times higher mortality rate for end-stage liver disease than healthy
subjects of similar age and gender. NAFLD is highly prevalent among Hispanic youth, while
non-Hispanic Black (NHB) youth are protected against intrahepatic fat accumulation even
in the presence of severe obesity and insulin resistance. Understanding the
pathophysiology underlying these differences could shed new light on the mechanisms
leading to NAFLD in obese youth.
Preliminary data suggest that Hispanic and NHB obese youth might have a different ability
to metabolize carbohydrates (CHO) through glycolysis, with Hispanics showing higher
glycolysis than NHB. Therefore, Hispanics might experience a higher rated tricyclic acid
cycle (TCA) and hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL).
In the present study, the investigators aim to address the following questions:
Is the different susceptibility between Hispanics and NHB in developing NAFLD due to
a higher capability of Hispanics to metabolize CHO through glycolysis, TCA cycle and
DNL?
Do these metabolic changes anticipate the onset of the disease in Hispanic youth?
Are the higher rates of glycolysis, TCA and DNL driven by high but not pathologic
changes in glucose levels over time?
To address these aims, the investigators plan to recruit 30 Hispanics and 30 NHB obese
youth and to measure glycolysis by using a new method to assess lactate kinetics and to
determine the TCA cycle and DNL by using 13C-Propionate and D2O.
The investigators will also assess glycolysis and intrahepatic fat content in a group of
200Hispanic obese youth without fatty liver at baseline every 12 months for two years to
determine whether higher glycolytic rates precede intrahepatic fat accumulation. To
assess whether metabolic changes in glycolysis are driven by higher but not-pathologic
glucose levels, the investigators will measure glucose changes over ten days every six
months by using a continuous glucose monitoring system. If successful, these studies will
provide novel insight into the pathogenesis of pediatric NAFLD and will open new avenues
to test novel therapeutic approaches.
Study was paused in 2022 and reopened recruitment in November 2023.