Child-Parent Familial Hypercholesterolemia Screening

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited condition resulting in high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and increased risk of premature coronary artery disease in men and women. Child-parent screening for familial hypercholesterolemia has been proposed to identify persons who are carriers of FH mutations and with high risk for inherited premature coronary artery disease. The investigators will conduct a cross-sectional community-based screening in children of 2 years old to detect FH children cases using finger blood TC test first and followed by serum TC test and mutation test, and to identify and diagnose their affected parents. This study aims to established the child-parent screening program and technique issues for early diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia families for future early intervention.

Child-parent screening strategy in our study consists three steps: i. Capillary blood total cholesterol test of children aged around 2 years; ii. re-test for children with cholesterol>95th percentile in the first step; iii. WES (whole exome sequencing) test for >P99 in the first two steps. iV: TC test and mutation test to the parents of the child FH cases. The investigators will determine FH families based on the program. Children's Hospital of Fudan University will provide treatment further.