Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of a Monoclonal Antibody Specific to B-and T-Lymphocyte Attenuator (BTLA) as Monotherapy and in Combination With an Anti-PD1 Monoclonal Antibody for Injection in Subjects With Advanced Malignancies

Last updated: February 1, 2024
Sponsor: TopAlliance Biosciences
Overall Status: Active - Recruiting

Phase

1

Condition

Neoplasms

Treatment

Toripalimab

TAB004

Clinical Study ID

NCT04137900
TAB004-01
  • Ages > 18
  • All Genders

Study Summary

The primary objective is to assess the safety and tolerability of TAB004 as monotherapy and in combination with toripalimab in subjects with selected advanced solid malignancies, including lymphoma, and to evaluate the recommended Phase 2 dose.

The secondary objectives are to: 1) describe the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of TAB004 monotherapy and in combination with toripalimab and to describe the PK profile of toripalimab when administered with TAB004, 2) evaluate antitumor activity of TAB004 monotherapy and in combination with toripalimab; and 3) determine the immunogenicity of TAB004 monotherapy and in combination with toripalimab and to determine the immunogenicity of toripalimab when administered with TAB004.

The exploratory objectives are to: 1) evaluate pharmacodynamic effects of TAB004 on its target receptor BTLA, as well as effects on the immune system; 2) evaluate biomarkers that may correlate with activity of TAB004 as monotherapy and in combination with toripalimab; 3) evaluate the utility of BTLA ligand, herpesvirus-entry mediator (HVEM), and additional exploratory biomarkers that could aid in selection of appropriate subjects for TAB004 monotherapy and in combination with toripalimab.

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion

Inclusion Criteria:

    1. Able to understand and willing to sign the Informed Consent Form;
    1. Male or female ≥ 18 years;
    1. Subjects with histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced unresectable ormetastatic solid tumor, including lymphoma that have progressed following priortreatment. In Part A, subjects must have received, or be ineligible for or intolerantof all available approved or standard therapies known to confer clinical benefitincluding immunotherapy, or for whom no standard therapy exists; in Part B, subjectswith advanced or metastatic solid tumors, including but not limited to lymphoma,melanoma, NSCLC, or other tumors with agreement of the Sponsor, who must have receivedat least one line of therapy for advanced or metastatic disease, but are not requiredto have received all standard therapies known to confer clinical benefit; In Part C,subjects must have received at least one line of therapy for advanced or metastaticdisease but are not required to have received all standard therapies known to conferclinical benefit; In Part D, subjects with advanced or metastatic solid tumors thatmay include but not limited to lymphoma, melanoma, NSCLC, RCC or UC who must havereceived at least one line of therapy for advanced or metastatic disease, but are notrequired to have received all standard therapies known to confer clinical benefit.
    1. Measurable disease per RECISTv1.1 and iRECIST, or RECIL 2017 for lymphoma
    1. ECOG performance status of 0 or 1 with life expectancy of 3 months in the opinionof the investigator.
    1. Adequate organ and marrow function, as defined below:
  1. Hemoglobin 8.0 g/dL within first 2 weeks prior to first dose of TAB004 (are notrequiring a transfusion within 14 days prior to dosing)
  2. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) 1.0 x 109 /L (1,000 /mm3)
  3. Absolute lymphocyte count ≥ 0.6 x 109/L (600/mm3)
  4. Platelet count 75 x 109 /L (75,000 /mm3), and not requiring platelet transfusionswithin the 5 days prior to dosing
  5. Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x ULN except subjects with documented Gilbert's syndromewho must have a baseline total bilirubin ≤ 3.0 mg/dL
  6. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 2.5 x ULN;for subjects with hepatic metastases, ALT and AST ≤ 5 x ULN
  7. Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 x ULN OR calculated creatinine clearance (CrCl) or 24 hoururine CrCl ≥ 40 mL/minute Cockcroft-Gault formula will be used to calculate CrCl. 24-hour urine CrCl will be derived using the measured creatinine clearanceformula
  8. International normalized ratio (INR) ≤ 2.0 and activated partial thromboplastintime (aPTT) ≤ 1.5 x ULN; applies only to subjects who do not receive therapeuticanticoagulation; subjects receiving therapeutic anticoagulation (such aslow-molecular weight heparin or warfarin) should be on a stable dose
    1. Willingness to provide consent for biopsy samples (In Part A, fresh pre-treatmentbiopsies will be requested from subjects with safely accessible lesions. For subjectswho cannot provide a fresh pre-treatment biopsy, request for the most recentaccessible archival specimen will be required. In Part B, C and D, fresh pre-treatmentbiopsies will be required from subjects with safely accessible lesions. The mostrecent archival specimens will also be requested).
    1. Females of childbearing potential who are sexually active with a nonsterilized malepartner must use effective contraception from time of screening, and must agree tocontinue using such precautions for 90 days after the final dose of TAB004 ortoripalimab; cessation of birth control after this point should be discussed with aresponsible physician. Periodic abstinence, the rhythm method, and the withdrawalmethod are not acceptable methods of birth control.
    1. Females of childbearing potential are defined as those who are not surgicallysterile (i.e., bilateral tubal ligation, bilateral oophorectomy, or completehysterectomy) or postmenopausal (defined as at least 12 months with no mensesconfirmed by follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH] levels. FSH testing will be conductedat the Screening visit to confirm post-menopausal status).
    1. Subjects must use effective contraception. Nonsterilized males who are sexuallyactive with a female partner of childbearing potential must use effectivecontraception from Day 1 and for 90 days after receipt of the final dose of TAB004 ortoripalimab.

Exclusion

Exclusion Criteria:

    1. Concurrent enrollment in another clinical study, unless it is an observational (noninterventional) clinical study or the follow-up period of an interventional study.
    1. Any concurrent anti-cancer therapy, such as but not limited to chemotherapy,targeted therapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, or biologic therapy. Radiationtreatment for palliative intent is allowed provided that lesions other than thosereceiving radiation are available to measure response. Concurrent use of hormones fornon-cancer-related conditions (e.g., insulin for type 2 diabetes and hormonereplacement therapy) is acceptable. Note: Local treatment of isolated lesions for palliative intent is acceptable (e.g., bylocal surgery or radiotherapy).
    1. Receipt of any investigational anticancer therapy within 28 days prior to the firstdose of TAB004 or, provided documentable, 5 half lives whichever is shorter, exceptfor lymphoma in which the exclusionary period is 2 weeks for immune checkpointinhibitors only.
    1. Current or prior use of immunosuppressive medication within 2 weeks prior to thefirst dose of TAB004, with the exception of intranasal and inhaled corticosteroids orsystemic corticosteroids not to exceed 10 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent.
    1. Prior exposure to anti-BTLA, or anti-HVEM antibodies for subjects enrolled intoPart A and B only; prior treatment with anti-PD-1 or anti-PDL-1is allowed,includingtoripalimab for all subjects.
    1. Prior allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or prior solid organ transplantation.
    1. Subjects with another malignancy, or history or other malignancy within 3 yearsthat is not expected to relapse. Subjects with non-melanomatous skin cancer orcervical cancer that has been curatively surgically resected are eligible.
    1. Major surgery (as defined by the investigator) within 28 days prior to first doseof TAB004 or has not recovered to at least Grade 1 from adverse effects from suchprocedure, or anticipation of the need for major surgery during study treatment.
    1. Unresolved toxicities from prior anticancer therapy, defined as having not resolvedto baseline or to NCI-CTCAE v5.0 Grade 0 or 1, or to levels dictated in theinclusion/exclusion criteria with the exception of neuropathies that are stable orimproving and alopecia. Subjects with irreversible toxicity that is not reasonablyexpected to be exacerbated by TAB004 may be included (e.g., hearing loss) afterconsultation with the medical monitor.
    1. Active or prior documented autoimmune disease, such as but not limited to systemiclupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, rheumatoidarthritis, autoimmune hepatitis, systemic sclerosis, autoimmune vasculitis, autoimmuneneuropathies or type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Note: Subjects with the following are not excluded: vitiligo; alopecia; Grave's disease notrequiring systemic treatment other than thyroid hormone replacement (within the past 2years) psoriasis not requiring systemic treatment; controlled celiac disease; subjects witha history of autoimmune hypothyroidism requiring only thyroid hormone replacement therapy;And type 2 diabetes, provided that it is adequately controlled.
    1. Clinically significant (intracranial, gastrointestinal) bleeding within 2 weeksprior to screening.
    1. Known history of tuberculosis.
    1. Subjects with history of or current drug-induced interstitial lung disease orpneumonitis ≥ Grade 2.
    1. Subjects who have discontinued prior immune therapy due to immune mediated adversereaction(s).
    1. Subjects who are known to be human immunodeficiency virus positive.
    1. Subjects with evidence of hepatitis B or C virus infection, unless their hepatitisis considered to have been cured. (Note that subjects with prior hepatitis B virusinfection must have HBV viral load < 100 IU/mL before study enrollment, and must betreated according to local standards; hepatitis C virus infection must have, beforestudy enrollment, no detectable viral load and must be treated according to localstandards).
    1. Active or prior documented inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., Crohn's disease,ulcerative colitis). Infection-related bowel inflammation, such as Clostridiumdifficile colitis, is not excluded provided that it has been fully resolved for ≥ 6weeks.
    1. History of anaphylaxis, or eczema that cannot be controlled with topicalcorticosteroids asthma.
    1. Adult asthma that is moderate or severe, or asthma that has required:hospitalization in the last 2 years; invasive mechanical ventilation ever; systemiccorticosteroids in the past year for exacerbations; or more than two short acting betaagonist (e.g., albuterol) administrations per month for breakthrough asthma symptoms.A history of childhood asthma or the presence of mild adult asthma that at baselinehas symptoms that can be controlled well with inhaled corticosteroids or short actingbeta agonists will not be excluded.
    1. Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or activeinfection, symptomatic congestive heart failure according to New York HeartAssociation Functional Classification ≥ 3, uncontrolled hypertension, unstable anginapectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, active peptic ulcer disease or gastritis, or psychiatricillness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements,substantially increase risk of incurring adverse events from TAB004, or compromise theability of the subject to give written informed consent.
    1. Untreated central nervous system and leptomeningeal metastases or requiringongoing treatment for these metastases, including corticosteroids. Subjects withpreviously treated brain metastases may participate provided they are clinicallystable for at least 28 days prior to study entry, have no evidence of new or enlargingmetastases, and are off steroids.
    1. Receipt of live attenuated vaccination within 28 days prior to study entry orwithin 30 days of receiving TAB004.
    1. Any condition or treatment or diagnostic test that, in the opinion of theinvestigator or sponsor, would interfere with evaluation of TAB004 or interpretationof subject safety or study results.
    1. Pregnancy or breast feeding women.

Study Design

Total Participants: 499
Treatment Group(s): 2
Primary Treatment: Toripalimab
Phase: 1
Study Start date:
October 30, 2019
Estimated Completion Date:
March 31, 2026

Study Description

OVERVIEW: This is a Phase 1, multi-center, open-label, dose-escalation study of TAB004, a recombinant humanized IgG4κ monoclonal antibody specific to BTLA when administered alone and in combination with toripalimab, a human IgG4k monocloncal antibody that specifically binds to the programmed death 1 (PD-1). It is estimated that up to 499 subjects with selected advanced solid malignancies (i.e.; non-small cell lung cancer [NSCLC], melanoma, renal cell carcinoma (RCC), urothelial carcinoma (UC), or other tumors), including lymphoma will be enrolled in the study.

Subjects must have a histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced unresectable or metastatic solid tumor, including lymphoma.

The study has 4 parts; Part A dose-escalation, Part B cohort expansion, Part C dose-escalation and Part D cohort expansion. In Part A, up to 24 subjects will be enrolled who must have received, or be ineligible for, or intolerant of, all available approved or standard therapies know to confer clinical benefit including immunotherapy, or for whom no standard therapy exists.

In Part B, C and D, subjects must have received at least one line of therapy for advanced or metastatic disease, but are not required to have received all standard therapies known to confer clinical benefit.

Part A is the monotherapy dose-escalation portion of the study. Four TAB004 dose levels are planned and include: 0.3, 1, 3 and 10 mg/kg. Part A will be the traditional 3 + 3 design with 3 to 6 subjects per dose level (cohort) and will receive their assigned dose every 21 days in the absence of a dose limiting toxicity (DLT) that would prevent further dosing.

Part B is the monotherapy cohort expansion portion of the study and will consist of up to 50 subjects in each advanced solid tumor indication (up to 200 subjects) that may include but not be limited to lymphoma, melanoma, NSCLC, or other tumors with agreement of the Sponsor.

Part C is the combination therapy dose-escalation portion of the study. Four dose levels are planned as follows: Cohort 1 - TAB004 20 mg and toripalimab 240mg; Cohort 2 - TAB004 70 mg and toripalimab 240 mg; Cohort 3 -TAB004 200 mg and toripalimab 240 mg; Cohort 4- TAB004 500 mg and toripalimab 240 mg. Part C will be the traditional 3 + 3 design with 3 to 6 subjects per dose level (cohort) and will receive their assigned doses every 21 days in the absence of a DLT that would prevent further dosing.

Part D is the combination therapy cohort expansion portion of the study. Up to 50 subjects will be enrolled in each advanced solid tumor indication (melanoma, NSCLC, RCC, UC, lymphoma) (up to 250 subjects). Doses of TAB004 and toripalimab will be determined based upon safety and efficacy data from Part C.

Tumor response will be evaluated using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST v1.1), the immune-related Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (irRECIST), or the New Response Evaluation Criteria in Lymphoma (RECIL) 2017.

In the absence of confirmed disease progression and intolerable toxicities, subjects will be allowed to continue TAB004 (Part A and B) or TAB004 and toripalimab (Part C and D) administration every 21 days for up to 2 years.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION TAB004 doses are 0.3, 1, 3, 10 mg/kg, 20mg, 70mg, 200mg and 500mg. Toripalimab dose is 240mg. TAB004 alone or TAB004 plus toripalimab will be administered as a 60-minute i.v. infusion for the first dose and may be decreased at the investigators discretion to 30 minutes in subsequent infusions.

SAFETY EVALUATIONS Assessment of safety will be determined by vital sign measurements, clinical laboratory tests, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status evaluations, diagnostic imaging, physical examinations, electrocardiograms, and the incidence and severity of adverse events.

Safety will also include evaluations of immune safety and immunogenicity. Blockade of BTLA pathway and PD-1 pathway by monoclonal antibodies has been demonstrated in several syngeneic mouse models to enhance specific T cell responses and inhibit tumor growth. In studies of BTLA deficient mice, diseases such as asthma, autoimmune involvement of the central nervous system, and systemic lupus erythematosus were exacerbated. Particular attention will be given to symptoms related to those diseases. The occurrence of adverse events that may follow enhanced T-cell activation such as pneumonitis, colitis, nephritis, severe skin reactions, endocrinopathies, or other immune-related adverse events (irAEs) will be evaluated for subjects receiving TAB004 alone or in combination with toripalimab.

An irAE is a clinically significant adverse event of any organ that is associated with drug exposure, of unknown etiology, and is consistent with an immune-mediated mechanism.

EFFICACY EVALUATIONS will include best overall response, objective response rate, duration of response or duration of stable disease, progression free survival and overall response.

PHARMACOKINETIC EVALUATIONS Pharmacokinetic parameters include AUC0-inf, AUC0-last, AUC0-21d, Cmax, Cmin trough, Tmax, t1/2, CL, accumulation and Vss.

STATISTICAL METHODS Part A and Part C are based on the 3+3 design for dose escalation and safety evaluation requirements. In Part B and Part D, sample size is estimated using Simon's two-phase design minimax method.

All PK/Pharmacodynamic, immunogenicity, and safety data will be summarized and presented by cohort as well as overall for the study, using descriptive statistics (number of subjects, mean, median, standard deviation, minimum, and maximum) for continuous variables and using frequencies and percentages for discrete variables.

ORR and the associated 2-sided 95% exact confidence limits will be calculated. The proportion of subjects who have experienced best response as CR, PR, SD, or progressive disease (PD) will be provided by cohorts in Part B and Part D.

Connect with a study center

  • University of Alabama at Birmingham

    Birmingham, Alabama 35294
    United States

    Active - Recruiting

  • University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson

    Tucson, Arizona 85721
    United States

    Active - Recruiting

  • UCLA Health Westwood Cancer Care

    Los Angeles, California 90095
    United States

    Active - Recruiting

  • University of California Irvine (UCI) Medical Center

    Orange, California 92868
    United States

    Active - Recruiting

  • University of California San Francisco (UCSF) Medical Center-Mission Bay

    San Francisco, California 22902
    United States

    Active - Recruiting

  • University of California at San Francisio

    San Francisco, California 94158
    United States

    Active - Recruiting

  • Boca Raton Clinical Research (BRCR)

    Boca Raton, Florida 33432
    United States

    Site Not Available

  • Winship Cancer Institute at Emory University

    Atlanta, Georgia 30322
    United States

    Active - Recruiting

  • University of Iowa Hospitals

    Iowa City, Iowa 52242
    United States

    Active - Recruiting

  • University of Maryland Medical Center

    Baltimore, Maryland 21201
    United States

    Active - Recruiting

  • Massachusetts General Hospital

    Boston, Massachusetts 02114
    United States

    Active - Recruiting

  • Karmanos Cancer Institute

    Detroit, Michigan 48201
    United States

    Active - Recruiting

  • Washington University

    Saint Louis, Missouri 63110
    United States

    Active - Recruiting

  • University of Nebraska Medical Center

    Omaha, Nebraska 68105
    United States

    Suspended

  • Northwell Health

    New Hyde Park, New York 11042
    United States

    Site Not Available

  • New York Presbyterian / Weill Cornell Medical Center

    New York, New York 10021
    United States

    Site Not Available

  • Carolina BioOncology Institute

    Huntersville, North Carolina 28078
    United States

    Site Not Available

  • UC Health - University of Cincinnati Medical Center

    Cincinnati, Ohio 45219
    United States

    Suspended

  • The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute

    Columbus, Ohio 43210
    United States

    Active - Recruiting

  • Thomas Jefferson University

    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
    United States

    Active - Recruiting

  • Sarah Cannon Research Institute

    Nashville, Tennessee 37203
    United States

    Site Not Available

  • University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center

    Dallas, Texas 75390-8565
    United States

    Active - Recruiting

  • MD Anderson Cancer Center

    Houston, Texas 77030
    United States

    Active - Recruiting

  • University of Wisconsin

    Madison, Wisconsin 53792
    United States

    Active - Recruiting

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