GABA Pathways in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Inclusion Criteria For all participants:

1. Calendar age above 18 years.
2. Able to give informed consent.
3. Not pregnant or breastfeeding.
4. Ideally prescription medication free during the 2-week period preceding a study visit.However, occasional use of over-the-counter medication (e.g. painkillers) on an asneeded basis (and not on the day of study visit) may be permitted. In addition,regular prescription medication (use of a stable dose over the two months precedingparticipation) with a drug that does not affect glutamate or GABA directly may bepermitted. Also permitted is topical medication without systemic exposure. For individuals with ASD:
5. Diagnosis of ASD confirmed on the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) if arelative is available and/or on the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2). For all relatives:
6. Aged under 18 years.
7. Does not know the participant personally at present or in their childhood.

Exclusion Criteria: For all participants

1. History of allergy/idiosyncrasy to AZD7325 or chemically related compounds orexcipients which may be employed in the study or to any other drug used in the past.
2. Subject has taken systemically (po, iv) any potent or moderate CYP3A4 or CYP2C9inhibitor or inducer, 1 month prior to screening (topical or inhaled are permitted)such as: aprepitant, barbiturates, carbamazepine, clarithromycin, erythromycin,cyclosporine, diltiazem, efavirenz, fluconazole, HIV protease inhibitors,glucocorticoids, itraconazole (oral/IV), ketoconazole, nefazodone, nevirapine,phenytoin, pioglitazone, primidone, rifabutin, rifampicin, telithromycin, St. John'swort, verapamil.
3. Clinically relevant history or presence of any medical disorder, potentiallyinterfering with this study.
4. Clinically relevant abnormality at screening as judged by the investigator.
5. History of or current abuse of drugs (including prescription medication) or alcohol orsolvents.
6. Participation in a research study involving a pharmacological probe or drug trialwithin last month or more than four in the previous 12 months
7. Subjects with a history of epilepsy, seizures or episodes of unexplained andunprovoked loss of consciousness.
8. Anyone with a history or examination which indicates laboratory testing is needed willbe excluded from the study.
9. Intelligence Quotient below 70. Reproductive safety: Male study participants who are sexually active should avoidprocreation for 1 week after study drug administration. Avoidance of procreation can bethrough use of a highly effective contraception method by the study participant or by thepartner. In this case, effective means of contraception are defined as tubal occlusion,copper banded intrauterine device, levonorgestrel medicated intra uterine system (e.g.,Mirena), medroxyprogesterone injections (e.g. Depo-Provera), etonogestrel implants (e.g.,Implanon, Norplan), normal and low dose combined oral contraceptive pills, norelgestromin /EE transdermal system, intravaginal device (e.g., EE and etonogestrel) and desogestrel (Cerazette). Pregnancy or breastfeeding (is a routine exclusion for research MRI scanning). Female studyparticipants must be willing to use one form of highly effective non-hormonal contraceptionfor one week after study drug administration. This would include a vasectomised partner (sole partner), tubal occlusion, intrauterine system [IUS]/hormonal coil or coppercontaining intrauterine device or copper containing IUD, or true abstinence (when this isin line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the subject). Women should have beenstable on their chosen method of birth control for a minimum of 2 months before enteringthe study. Participants must agree to undergo a pregnancy test prior to each administrationof study drug. For individuals with ASD:
10. ASD caused by a known genetic syndrome, e.g. Fragile X, 22q11 deletion syndrome.
11. Currently treated for epilepsy.