Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Platelet Study

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Males and females, aged 18-91 years
2. Ability to understand and sign informed consent after the nature of the study has beenfully explained
3. CKD participants: Non-dialysis CKD patients: Presence of CKD with an estimated GFR of <30 mL/min/1.73 m2 for a period of ≥3 months, as defined by the National KidneyFoundation (NKF) and determined with the CKD-EPI creatinine-based formula
4. Controls with normal kidney function: participants with an estimated GFR >90mL/min/1.73 m2 as determined by the CKD-EPI creatinine-based formula and a urinealbumin-to-creatinine ratio <30 mg/g as defined by the National Kidney Foundation

Exclusion Criteria:

• No healthcare power of attorney to sign informed consent
• Unwillingness or inability to participate in the protocol or comply with any of itscomponents.
• Subjects unable or unwilling to stop taking:
• Aspirin and other antithrombotic agents, like cilostazol, ranolazine, aggrenox,prasugrel, warfarin, xarelto, pradaxa, eliquis.
• Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist (abciximab-ReoPro, eptifibatide-Integrilin,tirofiban-Aggrastal)
• NSAIDs and PPIs
• Fish oil, Vitamin E and herbal supplements
• Acute kidney injury superimposed on CKD
• Kidney transplant or any other solid organ transplant recipient
• End-stage kidney disease on maintenance dialysis (peritoneal or hemodialysis)
• Nephrotic syndrome defined as nephrotic range proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia,hyperlipidemia and generalized edema
• Recent hospitalization or surgery <3 months
• Acute coronary or cerebrovascular event in the last 12 months
• Blood dyscrasias, active bleeding, or bleeding diathesis
• Gastrointestinal bleeding in the last 6 months
• Recent treatment (<30 days) with a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist (Integrelin).
• Hematocrit <25%, white blood cell count >20,000/μL, or platelet count <50,000/μL
• Any active malignancy or liver disease.
• Pregnancy
• Positive urine pregnancy test in a woman of childbearing potential prior to studyentry. A female of childbearing potential is any woman (regardless of sexualorientation, having undergone a tubal ligation, or remaining celibate by choice) whomeets the following criteria:
• Has not undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy; or
• Has not been naturally postmenopausal for at least 12 consecutive months (i.e.,has had menses at any time in the preceding 12 consecutive months).
• Patients must not be nursing due to the potential for congenital abnormalities and thepotential of this regimen to harm nursing infants.