Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients With Cancer Pain

Inclusion Criteria:

• Malignant tumor patient with pain are confirmed by histopathology or cytology (NRSscore ≥ 1);

• Understand Chinese through verbal and written communication, read and write Chinese,numbers, and complete questionnaire surveys;

• Male or female, age 18-75 years old;

• ECOG 0-2, expected to survive for more than 3 months;

• no obvious dysfunction of heart, lung, liver, kidney, blood system (≤I degree);

• patients voluntarily sign informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant women and lactating women.

• Also participate in clinical trials of drugs that have not been approved formarketing.

• Patients with depression (evaluated by the Hamilton Depression Scale).

• Active bleeding or bleeding tendency.

• Serious or uncontrolled medical conditions and infected people.

• Patients with structural heart disease, such as coronary heart disease, unstableangina, especially patients with congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation,atrial flutter history, and patients with hypertension, hypercoagulable state andsevere cerebrovascular disease.

• History of thromboembolic disease; long-term oral administration of aspirin and otheranticoagulants.

• Preventive Whole Brain Irradiation (PCI).

• Bone marrow invasion or bone marrow metastasis.

• Patients with severe or uncontrollable mental illness.