An Efficacy and Safety Study of Subcutaneous Tocilizumab in Combination With Methotrexate (MTX) and as Monotherapy Versus MTX in Participants With Moderate to Severe Rheumatoid Arthritis With Inadequate Response to Current Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drug (DMARD) Therapy

Inclusion Criteria:

• Chinese participants who are located in mainland China with RA of greater than orequal to (>=) 6 months' duration from onset of the disease, diagnosed according to therevised 1987 ACR criteria and receiving treatment on an outpatient basis
• Participants must have discontinued etanercept (or YiSaiPu) for >= 2 weeks,infliximab, certolizumab, golimumab, abatacept or adalimumab for >= 8 weeks, anakinrafor >= 1 week prior to randomization
• Have received oral MTX at a stable dose for at least 12 weeks prior to baseline (MTXdose 10 to 25 mg) and experience of failing at least one non-biologic DMARD includingMTX
• All treatment with non-biological DMARDs except MTX should be withdrawn at least 2weeks prior to baseline (leflunomide for >= 12 weeks or >= 14 days after standardcholestyramine or activated charcoal washout, azathioprine for >= 4 weeks)
• SJC >= 6 (on the basis of 66 joint counts) and TJC >= 8 (on the basis of 68 jointcounts) at screening and baseline with at least 3 months of treatment with permittedDMARDs
• Participants must have either high sensitive CRP >= 10 milligrams per liter (mg/L) orESR >=28 millimeters per hour (mm/hr) at screening
• Oral corticosteroids (<=10 mg/day prednisone or equivalent) and nonsteroidalanti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs; up to the maximum recommended dose per local standardof care) are permitted if the dose has been stable for at least 4 weeks prior tobaseline
• All treatment with Chinese traditional medicine and/or herb medicine for RA treatmentshould be withdrawn at least 2 weeks prior to baseline
• Females of childbearing potential and males with female partners of childbearingpotential may participate only if using a reliable means of contraception as definedby the protocol

Exclusion Criteria:

• Participants with major surgery or planned major surgery, rheumatic autoimmune diseaseother than RA, and functional class IV (as defined by the ACR Classification ofFunctional Status in RA)
• Participants with unsuccessful treatment with an anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF)agent; previous treatment with any cell-depleting therapies including investigationalagents and janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors or any other new agents which haveDMARD/DMARD-like effect; treatment with intravenous (IV) gamma-globulin,plasmapheresis, or Prosorba column; treatment with alkylating agents
• Intra-articular or parenteral corticosteroids and/or immunization with alive/attenuated vaccine within 4 weeks prior to baseline
• History of severe allergic or anaphylactic reactions to human, humanized, or murinemonoclonal antibodies
• Primary or secondary immunodeficiency (history of or currently active)
• Evidence of serious uncontrolled concomitant diseases and disease states; evidence ofactive malignant disease
• Participants with abnormal haematological parameters, abnormal renal and hepaticparameters
• Positive for either hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) or hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody