Flumazenil for Hypoactive Delirium Secondary to Benzodiazepine Exposure

Last updated: July 8, 2020
Sponsor: University of California, Davis
Overall Status: Terminated

Phase

4

Condition

Dementia

Dyskinesias

Treatment

N/A

Clinical Study ID

NCT02899156
837421
  • Ages > 18
  • All Genders

Study Summary

Delirium within the intensive care unit (ICU) is associated with poor outcomes such as increased mortality, ICU and hospital length of stay (LOS), and time on mechanical ventilation. Benzodiazepine (BZD) exposure is an independent risk factor for development of delirium. Reversal of hypoactive delirium represents a potential opportunity for reducing duration of delirium and subsequent complications.

This is a single-center randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of critically ill adult patients with benzodiazepine-associated hypoactive delirium. The hypothesis is that flumazenil continuous infusion may reverse hypoactive delirium associated with BZD exposure and thereby reduce duration of delirium and ICU LOS.

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion

Inclusion Criteria:

  • critically ill adults

  • RASS score of -3 to 0 after receiving benzodiazepine therapy

  • CAM-ICU positive

  • no benzodiazepine therapy within the previous 12 hours

Exclusion

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. contraindications to flumazenil including hypersensitivity

  2. receipt of benzodiazepines for control of potentially life-threatening conditions (e.g., control of intracranial pressure or status epilepticus)

  3. active seizure disorder or on current anti-convulsant therapy for history of seizuredisorder. Seizures secondary to alcohol withdrawal will NOT be excluded.

  4. history of traumatic brain injury complicated by seizures

  5. acute episode (within prior 30 days) of severe traumatic brain injury

  6. history of structural lesion (e.g. subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebrovascular accident,intra-parenchymal hemorrhage) complicated by seizures

  7. acute episode (within prior 14 days) of structural lesion (e.g. subarachnoidhemorrhage, cerebrovascular accident, intra-parenchymal hemorrhage)

  8. brain tumor complicated by seizure

  9. history of anoxic brain injury

  10. third-degree burn with total body surface area (TBSA) burn greater than 20%

  11. chronic benzodiazepine (clonazepam:lorazepam:diazepam approximately 4:8:40 mg per day)for 7 consecutive days with no taper

  12. chronic delirium that is attributable to other causes

  13. anticipated to transfer to lower level of care within 24 hours

  14. admitted for polysubstance overdose as determined by initial drug toxicity screening

  15. recent exposure (prior 7 days) to pro-convulsant medications (identified viamedication list, medication reconciliation performed by PI/pharmacy medicationreconciliation team, or urine drug screening)

  16. children, incarcerated individuals, and pregnant women

  17. unable to provide consent and the legally authorized representative is unable toprovide consent

Study Design

Total Participants: 22
Study Start date:
March 01, 2016
Estimated Completion Date:
April 16, 2019

Study Description

Benzodiazepines are commonly used for discomfort, anxiety, agitation, and alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) in the ICU. End organ dysfunction and extended exposure can increase the risk of complications associated with BZDs, which include increased ICU LOS, time on mechanical ventilation, and mortality.

Flumazenil as a 1, 4-imidazobenzodiazepine is a competitive antagonist for the benzodiazepine binding site with weak intrinsic or partial agonistic activity on the GABA receptor. Multiple studies have confirmed the safety and effectiveness of flumazenil for the reversal of sedation. Pilot studies have demonstrated safe reversal of over-sedation and statistically significant improvements in patient cooperation and time to extubation. The current standard for suspected BZD-associated hypoactive delirium is cessation of benzodiazepine administration and supportive care.

The role of continuous infusion flumazenil for rapid and sustained reversal of hypoactive delirium in the ICU has not been evaluated prospectively and therefore remains poorly defined.

Connect with a study center

  • UC Davis Medical Center

    Sacramento, California 95817
    United States

    Site Not Available

Map preview placeholder

Not the study for you?

Let us help you find the best match. Sign up as a volunteer and receive email notifications when clinical trials are posted in the medical category of interest to you.