Mindfulness Meditation for Insomnia

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age 18 years and older;

• Chronic insomnia (≥ 3 nights/week, for ≥ 3 months), defined by DSM-V or ICSD-3;

• Have a primary complaint of difficulty falling asleep (sleep-onset insomnia) withself-reported sleep onset latency >20 min;

• Insomnia Severity Index score ≥ 15;

• Speak and understand English;

• Have a smart device (phone or tablet) for mobile app installation

Exclusion Criteria:

• Current diagnosis of sleep disorders other than insomnia (e.g., narcolepsy, restlessleg syndrome, REM sleep behavior disorder, etc.);

• Shift worker or routine night shifts;

• Women with pregnancy or breastfeeding;

• Regular (defined as twice a week or more) practice of mind-body interventions;

• Patients with pace-maker or routinely using cardiovascular medications that haveeffects on heart rates (i.e., beta-blockers);

• Neurological disorders (e.g. epilepsy, dementia, stroke, Parkinson's disease,neuroinfections, brain tumors, etc.) or current diagnosis of comorbid psychotic,substance use, and trauma-related disorders;

• Currently under medications with sleep changing effects (e.g.,anxiolytics/benzodiazepines, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, hypnotics,etc.);

• Hearing impairment or loss. Participants will be asked to report any medication forat least 2 weeks prior to study onset and during the study period.