This study investigates the activation time of the anterior temporal lobe (ATL) region
during lexical processing. Participants will perform three tasks: lexical decision,
semantic decision (divided into noun and verb semantic decision), and number judgment.
Lexical Decision Task: Participants will be shown words and pseudowords (e.g., excaid).
Participants have to decide if the presented stimulus is a real word or a pseudoword.
Semantic Decision Task: Participants will determine if the stimulus word refers to an
action or an object that can be manipulated using the hand or arm.
Half of the stimuli will be nouns, constituting the first semantic decision task with
objects, and the other half will be verbs, constituting the second semantic decision task
with actions.
Number Judgment Task: Participants will decide if a presented number was divisible by
four (e.g., 64) or not (e.g., 69). The stimuli will include numbers with either two or
three digits.
For each task, we will collect accuracy and reaction time (RT) data. The primary analyses
concern the RTs, but accuracies will also be examined in secondary analyses.
A single pulse TMS will be applied at three different time points: -100 ms, 150 ms, and
400 ms after the onset of the stimulus item. A Magstim BiStim² stimulator with a figure-8
coil will be used. The resting motor threshold (RMT) will be defined as the minimum
intensity required to stimulate the motor cortex, eliciting a contraction of the abductor
pollicis brevis in at least 5 out of 10 trials. The coil will be positioned at a
45-degree angle along the parasagittal line on the presumed motor cortex area for the APB
muscle and adjusted in different directions to find the optimal motor hotspot. Intensity
will be between 100% and 120% of resting motor threshold as tolerated by the participant.
The effect of TMS on the response time (RT) at different time points will be examined.
TMS will be applied at the left anterior middle temporal gyrus at 10 mm posterior to the
tip of the temporal pole. A structural MRI scan will be collected prior to the TMS, which
will be used in localizing The target spot. A BrainSight neuronavigation system will be
used, with the MRI scan collected before, to localize the target location on the scalp.
The tasks will last approximately 30 minutes.