Screening Strategies for People With a High Risk of Anal Cancer

Anal cancer, caused by persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV), is typically preceded by anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (aHSIL). The incidence and mortality of advanced anal cancer has been increasing in the U.S., with the greatest burden of disease and mortality in individuals living with HIV. The study is important because the incidence of anal cancer is particularly high among certain groups; health disparity further contributes to this high risk among minorities. Findings will provide much-needed evidence for anal cancer screening strategies to reduce health disparities, improve screening outcomes, and decrease the incidence of anal cancer among high-risk minorities. The study population includes Black or Latinx, males - men having sex with men (MSM) only - and females with a known history of high-grade lower genital tract neoplasia.

The study procedures include filling out self-reported questionnaires and collecting biosamples for study-related assays. HRA is part of the standard clinic procedure for this group of participants.

Collected biosamples will be banked for future research use. In-person or remote signed consent may occur for the study.