Rationale: In the ICD-11 post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD)
are distinguished. CPTSD is associated with early childhood traumatization and more
severe symptom patterns. Research thus far confirms that PTSD and CPTSD are two related
but different concepts, but it's still unclear what the clinical relevance of this
differentiation is. In addiction care approximately one out of three patients suffer from
(C)PTSD. It's unclear if in patients with a substance use disorder (SUD) comorbid CPTSD
results in poorer treatment outcomes compared to comorbid PTSD.
Objective: To determine differences in course and outcome of integrated trauma-focused
treatment delivered alongside addiction treatment in participants with comorbid PTSD and
CPTSD.
Study design: An observational, prospective study with two groups (N = 50, allocation
ratio 1:1) of participants with a SUD. One group has a comorbid PTSD (n = 25) and the
other a comorbid CPTSD (n = 25). Assessments take place at baseline (T0), after every
trauma- focused treatment session (T11-9) and after 10 weeks during which trauma-focused
treatment may or may not have been completed or prematurely terminated (T2).
Study population: Patients with SUD and either comorbid PTSD or CPTSD, aged ≥ 18 years,
with good Dutch language proficiency, who receive addiction treatment and trauma-focused
treatment and who provide written informed consent.
Intervention: Treatment as usual (TAU), in accordance with the Dutch clinical practice
guidelines consists of 1) addiction treatment according to the Community Reinforcement
Approach (henceforth CRA) and 2) trauma-focused treatment (EMDR-therapy, henceforth
EMDR).
Main study parameters/endpoints: Changes in PTSD symptom severity in participants with
comorbid PTSD and CPTSD from T0 to T2, as measured by the PCL-5 and CAPS-5.
Nature and extent of the burden and risks associated with participation, benefit and
group relatedness: All participants receive TAU, both CRA and EMDR, including
standardized assessments. Additionally, participants fill in one extra questionnaire
(ITQ) at T0 and T2 and the CAPS is administered additionally at T2. The extra burden of
filling the ITQ is approximately one minute and for the CAPS approximately ten to
forty-five minutes depending on the amount of symptoms after trauma treatment. Given the
observational nature of the study, no risks related to the study are expected beyond
those associated with routine clinical addiction care (e.g. relapse).
To optimize data-collection, especially after termination of EMDR before T2 assessment,
participants receive an incentive, a voucher worth 10 euro, after completing the baseline
(T0) assessment and the first five PCL-5 assessments (T11-5), and a voucher worth 15 euro
after completing the next four PCL-5 assessments (T16-9) and the final assessment (T2).