Epidemiological studies have reported that between 30 and 50% of patients with kidney
disease show signs of malnutrition and that specifically in patient with CKD in stages
4-5 without replacement therapy, the prevalence of protein energy wasting (PEW) can be up
to 45%.
Many factors influence the development of PEW, however, one main factor is insufficient
intake of energy and macronutrients. The main obstacle that prevents the patient from
meeting their nutritional requirements is the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms. In
addition to this, dietary restrictions, lack of adherence to eating plans and the
presence of digestive and psychological abnormalities of the patient, contribute directly
to the patient directly contribute to insufficient energy and protein intake. Therefore,
there is a need for evidence-based nutritional treatment strategies that facilitate the
patient's achievement of their nutritional requirements and maintain or improve their
nutritional supplements in patients with CKD has been shown to be a good treatment
strategy.
Specifically in patients with CKD without replacement therapy, it has been observed that
the use of specialized nutritional supplements can contribute to increasing their energy,
fat, and fiber intake, while at the same time achieving a decrease in protein intake
without causing any change in serum minerals or electrolytes.
This project will provide practical information for the validation of the therapeutic
effect of a new specialized food supplement on the nutritional status and quality of life
in patients with CKD without replacement therapy, which will be useful both for health
professionals and for the patients themselves.
MAIN OBJETIVE:
To assess the effect and safety of the use of a specialized food supplement on the
nutritional status and quality of life of patients with CKD and PEW without replacement
therapy.
STUDIO DESING:
Randomized, blinded clinical trial with an intervention period of 4 months.
PROCESS:
Identify those patients who are candidates to participate in the clinical trial.
Review the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Invite identified patients to participate in the clinical trial.
Pre - Nutritional wash out appointment - nutritionist
Evaluate inclusion criteria.
Review and sign the informed consent.
Perform evaluation to indicate a personalized meal plan.
Deliver a meal plan.
Schedule in 30 days for your next nutritional appointment.
0 - Full Assessment Nutritional Appointment - Nutritionist
Evaluate adherence to the meal plan (percentage of adequacy of energy and protein
consumption from 70% to 130%).
Assign an intervention group randomly (sealed envelope).
Perform an evaluation of nutritional status, quality of life and body composition.
Offer nutritional treatment according to the assigned intervention group.
Schedule an immediate appointment for laboratory tests of blood and urine.
Schedule in 30 days for your next nutritional appointment.
month 1 - Nutritional monitoring appointment - nutritionist
Evaluate adherence to the eating plan.
Offer nutritional treatment according to the assigned intervention group.
Schedule in 30 days for your next nutritional appointment.
Make an appointment a few days before your next nutritional appointment to perform
blood and urine lab tests.
month 2 - Full Assessment Nutritional Appointment - Nutritionist
Perform an evaluation of nutritional status, quality of life and body composition.
Offer nutritional treatment according to the assigned intervention group.
Schedule in 30 days for your next nutritional appointment.
month 3 - Nutritional monitoring appointment - nutritionist
Evaluate adherence to the eating plan.
Offer nutritional treatment according to the assigned intervention group.
Schedule in 30 days for your next nutritional appointment. 4.3 - Nutritional
monitoring appointment - nutritionist
5.Evaluate adherence to the eating plan. 6.Offer nutritional treatment according to the
assigned intervention group. 7.Schedule in 30 days for your next nutritional appointment.
7.1Schedule a few days before your nutritional appointment for blood and urine lab tests.
month 4 - Full Assessment Nutritional Appointment - Nutritionist
Perform an evaluation of nutritional status, quality of life and body composition.
Offer nutritional treatment according to the assigned intervention group.
SAMPLE SIZE: 50 participants
STATISTIC ANALYSIS:
For the comparison of proportions between the groups, it will be done with X2 or Fisher's
exact test and to compare quantitative variables, Student's T or Mann-Whitney U will be
used. For the intra-group comparisons, Mc Nemar will be used for the qualitative
variables and Anova for repeated samples or Friedman's Anova for the quantitative
variables. For the analysis of the interaction or intervening variables, a stratified
statistical analysis will be carried out, using contingency tables and the
Mantel-Haenszel method. The results will be considered statistically significant if the
value of p <0.05.