PCOS Patients' Immune Alterations

Inclusion Criteria:

• Female subjects aged 18-45 years;

• Voluntarily participate in the experiment, willing to sign the informed consent.

• According to the Rotterdam consensus, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) needs tomeet the presence of two of three of the following criteria: oligo-anovulation,hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries (≥ 12 follicles measuring 2-9 mm indiameter and/or an ovarian volume > 10 mL in at least one ovary).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Female patients younger than 18 years old or older than 45 years old;

• Ovulation disorders caused by premature ovarian failure, pituitary amenorrhea,hypothalamic amenorrhea, and thyroid dysfunction (hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism);

• Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, Cushing's syndrome, hyperprolactinemia, adrenaltumors, and other diseases causing hyperandrogenemia;

• Severe liver and kidney dysfunction (more than 3 times the normal value)

• Type 1 diabetes, monogenic mutation diabetes, diabetes due to pancreatic injury orother secondary diabetes;

• History of malignant tumor;

• Severe infection, severe anemia, neutropenia, and other chronic diseases of thesystem;

• Patients undergoing total hysterectomy or ovarian adnexectomy;

• Mental illness, dementia, or other cognitive behavioral problems;

• Hypoglycemic drugs that may affect insulin resistance and androgen levels, includingthiazolidinedione, metformin, SGLT-2i, acarbose, and glucagon-like peptide-1receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), have been used in the past 3 months;

• Take letrozole, clomiphene, oral contraceptives, glucocorticoids, gonadotropins,gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, antiandrogens (spironolactone, cyproteroneacetate, flutamide, etc.), and other medications for PCOS treatment within the last 3 months.

• Pregnant or lactating patients;

• Female patients with a BMI less than 20kg/m2.