Combination of Spartalizumab, mDCF and Radiotherapy in Patients With Metastatic Squamous Cell Anal Carcinoma

Last updated: December 21, 2023
Sponsor: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besancon
Overall Status: Active - Recruiting

Phase

2

Condition

Anal Dysplasia

Carcinoma

Metastatic Cancer

Treatment

Sample collection

Clinical Study ID

NCT04894370
2020/538
  • Ages > 18
  • All Genders

Study Summary

This study evaluates the feasibility of the combination of radiotherapy, chemotherapies (docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil) and spartalizumab (anti-PD-1 therapy) in patients with metastatic squamous cell anal carcinoma

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Male or female, aged ≥18 years,
  2. Performance status Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group World Health Organization (ECOG-WHO) ≤1,
  3. Histologically proven metastatic or locally advanced recurrent squamous cell carcinomaof anus (SCCA)
  4. Presence of a evaluable lesion on CT-scan/MRI assessed by RECIST v1.1 criteria,
  5. Patient eligible to the mDCF regimen
  6. CT scan performed within 30 days prior inclusion,
  7. PET scan performed within 30 days prior inclusion
  8. Life expectancy ≥12 months,
  9. Adequate organ and marrow function, based upon meeting all of the following laboratorycriteria within 14 days before first dose of study treatment:
  • Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1500/mm3 (≥ 1.5 GI/L) without granulocytecolony-stimulating factor support.
  • White blood cell count ≥ 2500/mm3 (≥ 2.5 GI/L).
  • Platelets ≥ 100,000/mm3 (≥ 100 GI/L) without transfusion.
  • Hemoglobin ≥ 9 g/dL (≥ 90 g/L).
  • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 3 x upperlimit of normal (ULN), or ≤ 5 x ULN with documented liver metastases.
  • Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x ULN (for subjects with Gilbert's disease ≤ 3 x ULN).
  • Serum albumin ≥ 2.8 g/dl.
  • Calculated creatinine clearance ≥ 60 mL/min (using the MDRD formula):
  • Urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR) ≤ 1 g/g
  1. Signed and dated informed consent, to participate indicating that the subject hasunderstood the purpose and the procedures required by the study and that he agrees toparticipate in the study and to comply with the requirements and restrictions inherentin this study
  2. Patient affiliated to or beneficiary of French social security system
  3. Ability to comply with the study protocol, in the Investigator's judgment

Exclusion

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. HIV positive patient , CD4 count < 400 cells/mm3 (HIV test mandatory before inclusion)
  2. Diagnosis of additional malignancy within 2 years prior to the inclusion with theexception for superficial skin cancers, or localized, low grade tumors deemed curedand not treated with systemic therapy,
  3. Any medical or psychiatric condition or disease, which would make the patientinappropriate for entry into this study,
  4. Current participation in a study of an investigational agent or in the period ofexclusion,
  5. Receipt of any type of cytotoxic, biologic or other systemic anticancer therapy (including investigational) within 4 weeks before first dose of study treatment,
  6. Radiation therapy for bone metastasis within 2 weeks, any other radiation therapywithin 4 weeks before first dose of study treatment. Systemic treatment withradionuclides within 6 weeks before the first dose of study treatment. Subjects withclinically relevant ongoing complications from prior radiation therapy are noteligible,
  7. Pregnancy, breast-feeding or absence/refusal of adequate contraception for fertilepatients during the period of treatment and for 6 months from the last treatmentadministration,
  8. Patient under guardianship, curatorship or under the protection of justice.
  9. Inability to perform radiotherapy
  10. Untreated or symptomatic central nervous system (CNS) lesion. However, patients areeligible if: a) all known CNS lesions have been treated with radiotherapy or surgeryand b) patient remained without evidence of CNS disease progression ≥ 4 weeks aftertreatment and c) patients must be off corticosteroid therapy for ≥ 2 weeks
  11. Use of hematopoietic colony-stimulating growth factors (e.g. G-CSF, GMCSF, M-CSF),thrombopoietin mimetics or erythroid stimulating agents ≤ 2 weeks prior start of studytreatment. If erythroid stimulating agents were initiated more than 2 weeks prior tothe first dose of study treatment and the patient is on a stable dose, they can bemaintained.
  12. Use of any live vaccines against infectious diseases within 4 weeks of initiation ofstudy treatment
  13. Elevated Cardiac troponin T (cTnT) or cardiac troponin I (cTnI) elevation > 2x ULN
  14. Systemic chronic steroid therapy (> 10mg/day prednisone or equivalent) or anyimmunosuppressive therapy 7 days prior to planned date of first dose of studytreatment. Note: Topical, inhaled, nasal and ophthalmic steroids are allowed. For patients withadrenal insufficiency, replacement dose of prednisone > 10 mg/ day or equivalent arepermitted
  15. Active, known or suspected autoimmune disease or a documented history of autoimmunedisease Note: Patients with vitiligo, controlled type I diabetes mellitus on stableinsulin dose, residual autoimmune-related hypothyroidism only requiring hormonereplacement or psoriasis not requiring systemic treatment are permitted.
  16. Allogenic bone marrow or solid organ transplant
  17. History of severe hypersensitivity reactions to other monoclonal antibodies, which inthe opinion of the investigator may pose an increased risk of serious infusionreaction
  18. Pre-existing neuropathy, hearing problem, or cardiorespiratory pathology, whichprevent the administration of cisplatin.
  19. clinically significant active heart disease or myocardial infarction within 6 months
  20. recent or concomitant treatment with brivudine
  21. persistent toxicities related to prior treatment of grade greater than 1
  22. History or current interstitial lung disease or non-infectious pneumonitis
  23. History of major surgery within 28 days before treatment
  24. Active infection
  25. Active Hepatitis B infection (HBsAg positive)
  26. Active hepatitis C (HCV RNA positive)
  27. Pregnant or nursing (lactating) women confirmed by a positive hCG laboratory testwithin 72 hours prior to initiating study treatment. Note: Low levels of hCG may also be considered a tumor marker, therefore if low hCGlevels are detected, another blood sample at least 4 days later must be taken toassess the kinetics of the increase and transvaginal ultrasound must be performed torule out pregnancy.
  28. Women of child-bearing potential, defined as all women physiologically capable ofbecoming pregnant, unless they are using highly effective methods of contraceptionduring dosing and for 7.5 months after stopping treatment with Spartalizumab.
  29. Complete or partial deficit in dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) activity
  30. Active inflammatory bowel disease Note: In case of a history of inflammatory boweldisease, it is advisable to take the advice of the referring gastroenterologist of thepatient to ensure the absence of the evolution of inflammatory bowel disease (inflammatory thrust in progress) before the initiation of docetaxel treatment

Study Design

Total Participants: 34
Treatment Group(s): 1
Primary Treatment: Sample collection
Phase: 2
Study Start date:
June 09, 2022
Estimated Completion Date:
November 01, 2026

Study Description

In SCCA (squamous cell carcinoma of anus) about 15% of patients are diagnosed in metastatic stage, and around 25-40% of patients will experience disease progression after curative intent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for localized disease. In patients with non-resectable local recurrences or with distant metastases, the systemic chemotherapy is the standard approach. Recently, taxane-based combination chemotherapy regimens have demonstrated high efficacy or better tolerance than non-taxane based regimens, and became standards based in prospective trials. First, the modified DCF (docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil) showed a high efficacy in Epitopes-HPV02 trial conducted by investigators including 66 patients and became the first validated chemotherapy regimen in advanced SCCA. Then, the pooled analysis of 115 patients confirmed the mDCF regimen as the standard treatment in all fit patients with advanced SCCA.

The combination of different chemotherapy regimens and an anti-PD1/PD-L1 (Programmed cell Death-1/Programmed cell Death-Ligand1) were feasible with improved survival in first-line advanced small-cell and non-small-cell lung cancers. In anal carcinoma, Epitopes-HPV02 trial showed that mDCF regimen was feasible with 53% of grade 3-4 adverse-event, with no grade 4 non-hematological toxicity and no febrile neutropenia. And also considering its property to enhance the anti-tumor immune response, mDCF was recommended as an interesting candidate to be evaluated as a backbone chemotherapy for immunotherapy combinations in SCCA.

In anal carcinoma, investigators are currently conducting a randomized prospective trial promoted by GERCOR (cooperator group) evaluating the association of mDCF and an anti-PD-L1 in metastatic setting. All patients (100) were already enrolled, and no particular safety alert signal was observed at the Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB)..

Among different factors that confers a primary resistance to immunotherapy, the lack of antigenic proteins capable to induce immune response, and the downregulation of major histocompatibility complex class 1 (MHC-1) are probably the most important. In fact, the next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques has demonstrated the correlation between tumor mutation burden (TMB) and response to CKI (checkpoint Inhibitor). Hence, most of "hot" tumors with high TMB could be treated with CKI alone, while "cold" tumors probably need combination strategies. Besides, primary or secondary resistances to CKI caused by downregulation of MHC-1 are well described.

Radiation causes random point mutations and double-stranded breaks in the DNA and modulates the peptide repertoire, increasing tumour-related antigens and TMB to enhance anti-tumour immunity. Radiotherapy has also demonstrated to enhances MHC class I expression.

Investigators decided to associate radiotherapy, PD-1 (Programmed cell Death-1) inhibitor and mDCF (docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil) chemotherapy regimen to improve the efficacy with higher rate of long-lasting progression-free survivors and complete remissions. In addition, the associated extensive ancillary biomarker studies in tissues and peripheral blood will provide a unique opportunity to find out the potential synergic effect mechanism between mDCF, CKI and radiotherapy, as well as to improve our knowledge about underlying resistances.

Connect with a study center

  • Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon

    Besançon, 25000
    France

    Active - Recruiting

  • Centre Georges-François Leclerc (CGFL)

    Dijon,
    France

    Active - Recruiting

  • Hôpital Franco-Britannique

    Levallois-Perret,
    France

    Site Not Available

  • Centre Léon Bérard

    Lyon, 69000
    France

    Site Not Available

  • Hôpital Nord Franche Comté

    Montbeliard,
    France

    Active - Recruiting

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