This is a prospective study with six month follow-up among community-dwelling elderly aged 65
or older. Agreement between instruments, Frail state transition changes, feasibility,
internal consistency, concurrent and predictive validity, convergent validity of instruments
will be evaluated and compared. The participants' recruitment strategies will be through
referrals by the personnel in outpatient department in a hospital, community care centers,
health centers, C tiers of community care service system, love angel stations etc. We focused
on three available instruments based on literature review and expert opinions for
community-dwelling elderly care: Kihon Checklist (KCL), Study of Osteoporotic Fractures
(SOF), and frailty phenotype (FP) screening tools. Using G-power3.1 for sample size
estimation, 80 subjects will be needed. Based on the estimated loss rate is 30%, so 110
participants need to be recruited.
The screening sequence of this research will carry out with the Randomization block. There
are six sequence combinations with three frailty screening tools. The researcher read the
questionnaire one by one item, and then will fill the participants' answers into the data
collection sheets. The physical function test is performed by the researcher.
This study was approved by the institutional Review Board. All participants will be asked to
complete written informed consent. The statistical method adopts multivariate repeated
measure analysis to detect the transition of frailty state. The area under the curve (AUC)
will be used to examine the predictive ability on body function (grip strength, walking
speed) and negative outcomes (falls, hospitalization) of the three frailty screening tools.
The anticipated benefits of this study will include (1) clinical practice: provide the
screening time, completion rate, reliability and validity of the frailty screening tools to
clinical health care professionals with reference to the selection of frailty screening tools
for the community-dwelling elderly. Predicting the cut-off point of screening for falls or
institutionalization/hospitalization of elderly people in the community can be used in
nursing clinical practice to explain the screening results and risk assessment of falls and
hospitalization to patients to prevent or delay the frailty progress. (2) academic research:
provide a six-month observation of the changes in the frailty status of the elderly in the
community in Taiwan, increase the understanding of the frailty transition of the elderly in
the community, and identify frailty screening tools that have better prediction of physical
functions and negative results. (3) National development: The results of this study are
provided to the government as a reference for optimizing Taiwan's long-term care 2.0 policy
formulation.