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Biopsy proven Merkel cell carcinoma which is unresectable or metastatic, stage III or IV |
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Prior first-line treatment with aPD1 monotherapy (defined as at least one dose of pembrolizumab, avelumab, nivolumab, etc.) with evidence of progression of disease ≥10 weeks after starting therapy, in the absence of significant clinical deterioration |
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Patients with progression in only one of several responding metastases will not be eligible |
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Patients with clinical deterioration during aPD1 monotherapy are eligible ≥6 weeks after starting aPD1 therapy |
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Criteria for clinical deterioration to be determined and agreed upon by treating physician and Principal Investigator |
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All detectable sites of MCC are amenable to comprehensive ablative radiation therapy |
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in opinion of treating radiation oncologist and principal investigator |
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≥18 years of age |
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Performance status ≤2 on the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Scale |
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Able to provide valid written informed consent |
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Normal organ and marrow function |
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Hematologic: Lymphocyte count ≥800/mm^3, neutrophil count ≥1500/mm^3, platelet count ≥75,000/mm^3, leukocyte count ≥3000/mm^3, hemoglobin ≥9 g/dL |
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Hepatic: Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 times the upper limit of normal, unless Gilbert's syndrome; aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase ≤ 2.5 times the upper limit of normal (in the absence of hepatobiliary metastases); ≤ 3.0 times the upper limit of normal (in the presence of hepatobiliary metastases) |
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Renal: Estimated creatinine clearance ≥ 30 mL/min according to the Cockcroft-Gault formula |
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Prior systemic therapy for MCC other than first-line aPD1 monotherapy (ie, chemotherapy)
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Pregnancy or breastfeeding
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Adverse events due to prior cancer therapy which are grade 3 or higher and have not resolved
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°Patients with prior grade 3 or higher immune related adverse events are not
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eligible, even if they have resolved
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Prior radiotherapy which precludes the ability to safely deliver comprehensive ablative radiation therapy in the opinion of the treating radiation oncologist and principal investigator
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Prior severe hypersensitivity reaction (CTCAE version 5.0 grade ≥3) to avelumab
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determination
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°Institutional guidelines for reirradiation will be used when making this
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Known central nervous system metastases
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Known clinically significant cardiovascular disease, defined as
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Stroke or myocardial infarction within 6 months of first dose of avelumab
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Symptomatic congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association Class 2 or higher)
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Serious arrhythmia requiring anti-arrhythmic agents
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Known Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection
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Known Hepatitis B or C infection requiring ongoing treatment
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Vaccination within 4 weeks of first dose of avelumab
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Iatrogenic immunosuppression with daily systemic corticosteroid equivalent of >10 mg of prednisone
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°Inactivated vaccines are permissible
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Active autoimmune disease that may cause clinical deterioration during immunotherapy
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Inflammatory bowel disease or immune colitis
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°Including, but not limited to
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Immune mediated pneumonitis or pulmonary fibrosis
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History of solid organ or hematopoietic transplant
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Active infection requiring systemic therapy
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Active suicidal ideation or behavior
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Comorbid or diagnostic abnormalities which would interfere with interpretation of study results
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Known hematopoietic cancer or dysfunction (i.e., leukemia, lymphoma)
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Known non-MCC solid tumor with known metastasis or estimated risk of metastasis >20% within 3 months
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