Capable of giving signed informed consent which includes compliance with the requirements and restrictions listed in the informed consent form (ICF) and in this protocol. Written informed consent and Data Privacy Directive obtained from the patient/legal representative prior to performing any protocol- related procedures, including screening evaluations
Age > 18 years at time of study entry
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) 0 or 1
Histological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of rectum
Clinical stage 2-3 rectal adenocarcinoma, cT3/4N0/M0 or Tx N1-2/M0, assessed by thorax abdomen pelvis with contrast Computed tomography (CT) scan, pelvi Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, pancolonscopy
Able to swallow oral medication
Body weight >30kg
Adequate normal organ and marrow function as defined below
Haemoglobin ≥9.0 g/dL - Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) > 1500 per mm3
Platelet count >100.000 per mm3
Serum bilirubin ≤1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN). This will not apply to patients with confirmed Gilbert's syndrome (persistent or recurrent hyperbilirubinemia that is predominantly unconjugated in the absence of haemolysis or hepatic pathology), who will be allowed only in consultation with their physician
AST (SGOT)/ALT (SGPT) ≤2.5 x institutional upper limit of normal
Measured creatinine clearance (CL) >40 mL/min or Calculated creatinine CL>40 mL/min by the Cockcroft-Gault formula (Cockcroft and Gault 1976)
Evidence of post-menopausal status or negative urinary or serum pregnancy test for
Women <50 years of age would be considered post-menopausal if they have been amenorrhoeic for 12 months or more following cessation of exogenous hormonal treatments and if they have luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels in the post- menopausal range for the institution or underwent surgical sterilization (bilateral oophorectomy or hysterectomy)
female pre- menopausal patients. Women of childbaring potential or male
patients with a female partner of childbearing potential must agree to use at
least 1 highly effective method of contraception from the time of screening
throughout the total duration of the drug treatment and the drug washout
period (90 days after the last dose of durvalumab monotherapy) as detailed in
section 7.1. Women will be considered post-menopausal if they have been
amenorrhoeic for 12 months without an alternative medical cause. The following
age-specific requirements apply
Women ≥50 years of age would be considered post-menopausal if they have been amenorrhoeic for 12 months or more following cessation of all exogenous hormonal treatments, had radiation-induced menopause with last menses >1 year ago, had chemotherapy-induced menopause with last menses >1 year ago, or underwent surgical sterilization (bilateral oophorectomy, bilateral salpingectomy or hysterectomy)
Patient is willing and able to comply with the protocol for the duration of the study
including undergoing treatment and scheduled visits and examinations including
follow up. 11. Must have a life expectancy of at least 12 weeks
Previous treatment for local advanced rectum cancer
Concurrent enrolment in another clinical study unless it is an observational (non-interventional) clinical study or during the follow-up period of an interventional study. 3. Any previous treatment with a PD1 or PD-L1 inhibitor, including durvalumab
History of hypersensitivity to fluorouracil
Known Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency
History of another primary malignancy except for
Adequately treated non-melanoma skin cancer or lentigo maligna without evidence of disease - Adequately treated carcinoma in situ without evidence of disease e.g., cervical cancer in situ
criterion
Intranasal, inhaled, topical steroids, or local steroid injections (e.g., intra articular injection)
Systemic corticosteroids at physiologic doses not to exceed 10 mg/day of prednisone or its equivalent
Steroids as premedication for hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., CT scan premedication)
Major surgical procedure within 28 days prior to the first dose of treatment
History of allogenic organ transplantation
Malignancy treated with curative intent and with no known active disease ≥5 years before the first dose of study drug and of low potential risk for recurrence
Active or prior documented autoimmune or inflammatory disorders (including inflammatory bowel disease [e.g., colitis or Crohn's disease], diverticulitis [with the exception of diverticulosis], systemic lupus erythematosus, Sarcoidosis syndrome, or Wegener syndrome [granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Graves' disease, rheumatoid arthritis, hypophysitis, uveitis, etc]). The following are exceptions to this
Yes for Active or prior documented autoimmune or inflammatory disorders (including inflammatory bowel disease [e.g., colitis or Crohn's disease], diverticulitis [with the exception of diverticulosis], systemic lupus erythematosus, Sarcoidosis syndrome, or Wegener syndrome [granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Graves' disease, rheumatoid arthritis, hypophysitis, uveitis, etc]). The following are exceptions to this exclusion criteria 14
No for Active or prior documented autoimmune or inflammatory disorders (including inflammatory bowel disease [e.g., colitis or Crohn's disease], diverticulitis [with the exception of diverticulosis], systemic lupus erythematosus, Sarcoidosis syndrome, or Wegener syndrome [granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Graves' disease, rheumatoid arthritis, hypophysitis, uveitis, etc]). The following are exceptions to this exclusion criteria 14
Not sure for Active or prior documented autoimmune or inflammatory disorders (including inflammatory bowel disease [e.g., colitis or Crohn's disease], diverticulitis [with the exception of diverticulosis], systemic lupus erythematosus, Sarcoidosis syndrome, or Wegener syndrome [granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Graves' disease, rheumatoid arthritis, hypophysitis, uveitis, etc]). The following are exceptions to this exclusion criteria 14
criterion
Current or prior use of immunosuppressive medication within 14 days before the first
Patients with vitiligo or alopecia
dose of durvalumab, with the exceptions of intranasal and inhaled
Patients with hypothyroidism (e.g., following Hashimoto syndrome) stable on hormone replacement - Any chronic skin condition that does not require systemic therapy
Patients without active disease in the last 5 years may be included but only after consultation with the study physician
corticosteroids or systemic corticosteroids at physiological doses, which are
Patients with celiac disease controlled by diet alone
not to exceed 10 mg/day of prednisone, or an equivalent corticosteroid. The
following are exceptions to this
History of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis
History of active primary immunodeficiency
Active infection including tuberculosis (clinical evaluation that includes clinical history, physical examination and radiographic findings, and TB testing in line with local practice), hepatitis B (known positive HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) result), hepatitis C, or human immunodeficiency virus (positive HIV 1/2 antibodies). Patients with a past or resolved HBV infection (defined as the presence of hepatitis B core antibody [anti-HBc] and absence of HBsAg) are eligible. Patients positive for hepatitis C (HCV) antibody are eligible only if polymerase chain reaction is negative for HCV RNA
Receipt of live attenuated vaccine within 30 days prior to the first dose of IP. Note: Patients, if enrolled, should not receive live vaccine whilst receiving IP and up to 30 days after the last dose of IP
Female patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding or male or female patients of reproductive potential who are not willing to employ highly effective birth control from screening to 90 days after the last dose of durvalumab monotherapy
Any concurrent chemotherapy, IP, biologic, or hormonal therapy for cancer treatment
Known allergy or hypersensitivity to any of the study drugs or any of the study drug excipients
Concurrent use of hormonal therapy for non-cancer-related conditions (e.g
Judgment by the investigator that the patient is unsuitable to participate in the study and the patient is unlikely to comply with study procedures, restrictions and requirements
hormone replacement therapy) is acceptable
Patients unable to follow the Protocol procedures and to sign the informed consent. In the case of patients' incapable of giving informed consent, it must be provided and signed by guardians or legal representative. Patients incapable must also sign the agreement to the extent that they are able to do so
Uncontrolled intercurrent illness, including but not limited to, ongoing or active
infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, uncontrolled hypertension
unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, interstitial lung disease
serious chronic gastrointestinal conditions associated with diarrhea, or
psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study
requirement, substantially increase risk of incurring AEs or compromise the
ability of the patient to give written informed consent