A Phase II Randomized Trial of Radium-223 Dichloride and Cabozantinib in Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma With Bone Metastasis (RadiCal)

STATUS

Recruiting
End date

Oct 1, 2024
participants needed

210
sponsor

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

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Updated on 28 October 2022

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ct scan

heparin

analgesics

platelet count

cancer

monoclonal antibodies

systemic therapy

carcinoma

warfarin

anticoagulants

karnofsky performance status

kinase inhibitor

major surgery

metastasis

neutrophil count

cabozantinib

pet scan

brain metastases

brain metastasis

bone metastases

antineoplastic

targeted therapy

nephrectomy

gastrointestinal perforation

cytokine therapy

Summary

This phase II trial studies whether adding radium-223 dichloride to the usual treatment, cabozantinib, improves outcomes in patients with renal cell cancer that has spread to the bone. Radioactive drugs such as radium-223 dichloride may directly target radiation to cancer cells and minimize harm to normal cells. Cabozantinib may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Giving radium-223 dichloride and cabozantinib may help lessen the pain and symptoms from renal cell cancer that has spread to the bone, compared to cabozantinib alone.

Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:

I. To assess the symptomatic skeletal event (SSE)-free survival of metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) patients with bone metastases treated with cabozantinib S-malate (cabozantinib) + radium Ra 223 dichloride (radium-223 dichloride) compared to cabozantinib alone.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To investigate the safety, toxicity and tolerability as defined by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0 in patients treated with cabozantinib + radium-223 dichloride compared to cabozantinib alone.

II. To assess SSE-free survival of each treatment arm in predefined sub-groups. III. To assess progression-free survival (PFS) in each treatment arm. IV. To assess overall survival (OS) in each treatment arm. V. To assess time to first SSE (defined as first use of radiation therapy to relieve skeletal symptoms, new symptomatic pathologic vertebral or non-vertebral bone fractures, spinal cord compression, or symptomatic tumor-related orthopaedic surgical intervention) in each treatment arm.

VI. To assess the objective response rate by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1.

VII. To assess time to subsequent anti-cancer systemic therapy and type of systemic therapy.

EXPLORATORY QUALITY OF LIFE OBJECTIVES:

I. To compare patient-reported pain as assessed by the Brief Pain Inventory questionnaire (BPI) between patients randomized to cabozantinib versus cabozantinib + radium-223 dichloride at 6 months.

II. To compare patient-reported pain as assessed by the BPI between patients randomized to cabozantinib versus cabozantinib + radium-223 dichloride at other timepoints.

III. To compare overall health-related quality of life as assessed by the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systems (PROMIS) Global Health 10 between patients randomized to cabozantinib versus cabozantinib + radium-223 dichloride.

IV. To compare quality-adjusted survival (overall survival x utility score assessed by European Quality of Life Five Dimension Five Level Scale [EQ5D-5L]) between patients randomized to cabozantinib + radium-223 dichloride.

CORRELATIVE OBJECTIVES:

I. To evaluate changes in the following bone turnover markers between arms:

Ia. Marker of bone formation: P1NP, BSAP. Ib. Marker of bone resorption: CTX, NTX. II. To correlate changes in bone turnover markers with SSE-free survival. III. To assess the immunomodulatory properties of cabozantinib with or without radium-223 dichloride at baseline, during treatment, and at progression.

IV. To identify prognostic and predictive genomic biomarkers of response to cabozantinib and radium-223 dichloride via assessment of tissue, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (cfDNA).

V. To assess the association between bone response according to MD Anderson response criteria and SSE-free survival (FS).

VI. To correlate change in level of total alkaline phosphatase and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase to overall response to cabozantinib + radium-223 dichloride compared to cabozantinib alone.

OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 arms.

ARM A: Patients receive radium Ra 223 dichloride intravenously (IV) over 1 minute on day 1 of cycles 1-6 and cabozantinib S-malate orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days 1-28 of every cycle. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

ARM B: Patients receive cabozantinib S-malate PO QD on days 1-28. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 6 months for up to 5 years from study registration.

Details

Condition	Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma, Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma, Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma, Collecting Duct Carcinoma, Kidney Medullary Carcinoma, Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm in the Bone, Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma, Stage IV Renal Cell Cancer AJCC v8, Unclassified Renal Cell Carcinoma
Treatment	questionnaire administration, quality-of-life assessment, Cabozantinib, Radium Ra 223 Dichloride, Cabozantinib S-malate
Clinical Study Identifier	NCT04071223
Sponsor	National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Last Modified on	28 October 2022

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Eligibility		Yes	No	Not Sure
Inclusion Criteria
	Documented histologic or cytologic diagnosis of renal cell cancer (RCC). All subtypes of RCC are eligible including but not limited to clear cell, papillary, chromophobe, translocation, collecting duct carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, and unclassified categories. Enrollment of non-clear cell patients will be limited to 20% of the total sample size (~ 42 patients). Once this goal is met, accrual of non-clear cell patients will be discontinued (a notice will be sent out 2 weeks in advance). Sarcomatoid and rhabdoid differentiation are allowed
	Presence of at least 1 metastatic bone lesion not treated with prior radiation is required
	The presence of bone metastases can be detected by computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Tc-99m bone scan or positron emission tomography (PET) (fludeoxyglucose F-18 [FDG] or sodium fluoride [NaF]) imaging. Patients with non-measurable bone-only disease are allowed. Patients may have received prior radiation therapy for bone metastases or other external radiation >= 7 days prior to registration, as long as they still have at least 1 metastatic bone lesion not treated with radiation. Patients with visceral metastases are allowed, as long as they have at least one untreated bone metastases
	No prior treatment with cabozantinib
	No treatment with any type of small molecular kinase inhibitor (including investigational kinase inhibitors) within 2 weeks or 5 half-lives (whichever is shorter) of registration or receipt of any anti-cancer therapy (including investigational therapy, monoclonal antibodies, cytokine therapy) within 3 weeks of registration
	No prior hemibody external radiotherapy
	No prior therapy with radium-223 dichloride or systemic radiotherapy (such as samarium, strontium)
	No major surgery within 6 weeks of randomization. Procedures such as thoracentesis, paracentesis, percutaneous biopsy, Moh's or other topical skin surgery, Lasik eye surgery are not considered major surgery. Patients who have had a nephrectomy may be registered >= 3 weeks after surgery, providing there are no wound-healing complications. Subjects with clinically relevant ongoing complications from prior surgery are not eligible
	Recovery to baseline or =< grade 1 CTCAE version 5.0 from toxicity related to any prior treatment, unless adverse events are clinically nonsignificant and/or stable on supportive therapy
	The use of osteoclast targeted therapy including either bisphosphonates or denosumab is mandated on this study except in patients with contraindications as determined by the treating investigator, including
	Hypocalcemia
	Hypophosphatemia
	Renal impairment including those with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 35 mL/min using the Cockcroft-Gault equation or acute renal impairment
	Hypersensitivity to drug formulation
	Dental condition or need for dental intervention that per the investigator would increase the risk of osteonecrosis of jaw (ONJ)
	Use of osteoclast targeted therapy or reason against use needs to be recorded in the electronic case report form (eCRF). Additionally, reason for discontinuation of osteoclast targeted therapy need to be appropriately documented in the eCRF
	Not pregnant and not nursing, because this study involves an investigational agent
	whose genotoxic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects on the developing fetus and
	Therefore, for women of childbearing potential only, a negative urine pregnancy test done =< 28 days prior to registration is required. A female of childbearing potential is a sexually mature female who: 1) has not undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy; or 2) has not been naturally postmenopausal for at least 12 consecutive months (i.e., has had menses at any time in the preceding 12 consecutive months)
	newborn are unknown
	Karnofsky performance status >= 60%
	No brain metastases or cranial epidural disease unless adequately treated with radiotherapy, radiosurgery, or surgery and stable for at least 4 weeks prior to registration as documented by MRI or CT imaging or deemed stable by clinical investigator. Treated brain metastases are defined as having no ongoing requirement for steroids and no evidence of progression or hemorrhage after treatment for at least 4 weeks prior to registration as documented by MRI or CT imaging or deemed stable by clinical investigator
	No imminent or established spinal cord compression based on clinical symptoms and/or imaging. In patients with untreated imminent or established spinal cord compression, treatment with standard of care as clinically indicated should be completed at least 2 weeks before registration
	No imminent or impending pathologic fracture based on clinical symptoms and/or imaging. In patients with untreated imminent or impending pathologic fracture, treatment with standard of care as clinically indicated should be completed at least 2 weeks before registration
	No significant, uncontrolled intercurrent or recent illness, including but not limited to the following conditions
	Cardiovascular disorders: Symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, serious cardiac arrhythmia; uncontrolled hypertension defined as sustained blood pressure > 150 mm Hg systolic or > 100 mm Hg diastolic despite optimal antihypertensive treatment; stroke (including transient ischemic attack), myocardial infarction, or other ischemic event, within 6 months before randomization; thromboembolic event (e.g., deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism) within 1 month before randomization
	Gastrointestinal disorders: Disorders associated with a high risk of perforation or fistula formation: active inflammatory bowel disease, active diverticulitis, active cholecystitis, active symptomatic cholangitis or active appendicitis, active acute pancreatitis or active acute obstruction of the pancreatic or biliary duct, or active gastric outlet obstruction; abdominal fistula, gastrointestinal perforation, bowel obstruction, or intra-abdominal abscess within 3 months before randomization. Note: Complete healing of an intra-abdominal abscess must be confirmed before randomization
	No clinically significant hematuria, hematemesis, or hemoptysis, or other history of significant bleeding (e.g., pulmonary hemorrhage) within 3 months before randomization
	No lesions invading major pulmonary blood vessels
	No other clinically significant disorders
	Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on effective anti-retroviral therapy (with no medications prohibited by this protocol [e.g. drug-drug interactions]) with undetectable viral load within 6 months are eligible for this trial
	For patients with evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the HBV viral load must be undetectable on suppressive therapy (with no medications prohibited by this protocol [e.g. drug-drug interactions]), if indicated
	Patients with a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have been treated and cured. For patients with HCV infection who are currently on treatment, they are eligible if they have an undetectable HCV viral load (with no medications prohibited by this protocol [e.g. drug-drug interactions])
	No serious non-healing wound or ulcer
	No malabsorption syndrome
	No uncompensated/symptomatic hypothyroidism
	No moderate to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B or C)
	No requirements for hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis
	No history of solid organ transplantation
	No chronic concomitant treatment with strong CYP3A4 inducers or inhibitors. Because
	the list of these agents is constantly changing, it is important to regularly
	No concomitant anticoagulation with coumarin agents (e.g., warfarin), direct thrombin inhibitors (e.g., dabigatran), direct factor Xa inhibitor betrixaban, or platelet inhibitors (e.g., clopidogrel). Allowed anticoagulants include
	Prophylactic use of low-dose aspirin for cardio-protection (per local applicable guidelines) and low-dose low molecular weight heparins (LMWH)
	consult a frequently updated medical reference. Patients may not have received
	Therapeutic doses of LMWH or anticoagulation with direct factor Xa inhibitors rivaroxaban, edoxaban, or apixaban in subjects without known brain metastases who are on a stable dose of the anticoagulant for at least 1 week before first dose of study treatment without clinically significant hemorrhagic complications from the anticoagulation regimen or the tumor
	a strong CYP3A4 inducer within 12 days prior to registration nor a strong
	Hemoglobin >= 9 g/dl (transfusions allowed)
	CYP3A4 inhibitor within 7 days prior to registration
	Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1,500/mm^3
	Platelet count >= 100,000/mm^3
	Calculated (calc.) creatinine clearance >= 30 mL/min using the Cockcroft-Gault equation
	Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN), for patients with Gilberts disease =< 3.0 x ULN
	Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) =< 3.0 x ULN
	Urine protein to creatinine (UPC) ratio =< 2 mg/mg OR 24-hr urine protein < 2 g

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A Phase II Randomized Trial of Radium-223 Dichloride and Cabozantinib in Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma With Bone Metastasis (RadiCal)