A Phase I Study of Anetumab Ravtansine in Combination With Either Anti-PD-1 Antibody, or Anti-CTLA4 and Anti-PD-1 Antibodies or Anti-PD-1 Antibody and Gemcitabine in Mesothelin-Positive Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

STATUS

Recruiting
End date

Jan 31, 2024
participants needed

74
sponsor

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

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Updated on 21 October 2022

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ct scan

paclitaxel

cancer

hysterectomy

monoclonal antibodies

estrogen

measurable disease

oophorectomy

glomerular filtration rate

progesterone

chemotherapy drug

neutrophil count

tumor cells

gemcitabine

blood transfusion

nivolumab

ipilimumab

nab-paclitaxel

inhibition of ovulation

Summary

This phase I trial studies the side effects and best dose of anetumab ravtansine when given together with nivolumab, ipilimumab and gemcitabine hydrochloride in treating patients with mesothelin positive pancreatic cancer that has spread to other places in the body (advanced). Anetumab ravtansine is a monoclonal antibody, called anetumab ravtansine, linked to a chemotherapy drug called DM4. Anetumab attaches to mesothelin positive cancer cells in a targeted way and delivers DM4 to kill them. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as nivolumab and ipilimumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Chemotherapy drugs, such as gemcitabine hydrochloride, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Giving anetumab ravtansine together with nivolumab, ipilimumab, and gemcitabine hydrochloride may work better in treating patients with pancreatic cancer.

Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:

I. To evaluate the safety and tolerability of anetumab ravtansine with the following combinations in patients with mesothelin positive pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To assess the preliminary anti-tumor activity of anetumab ravtansine (anetumab) in combination with nivolumab, nivolumab and ipilimumab, nivolumab and gemcitabine hydrochloride (gemcitabine) as measured by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 overall response rate (ORR).

II. To characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) profile of anetumab (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC]), total antibody (ADC and cleaved free antibody), DM4 and DM4-Me (S-Methyl metabolite of DM4).

III. To evaluate the tumor microenvironment and immune changes in tumor and peripheral blood over the course of treatment to identify predictors of response or resistance to treatment.

IV. To measure the progressive disease (PD) effects of this combination including molecular and immune biomarkers in tumor biopsies and peripheral blood.

EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES:

I. To characterize mesothelin, PD-L1, CD3, CD4, CD8 expressions at baseline and after treatment in mesothelin positive pancreatic cancer patients.

II. To evaluate level of soluble mesothelin and megakaryocyte potentiation factor (MPF) over the course of treatment and to correlate these biomarkers with clinical outcome.

III. To perform whole exome sequencing (WES) +/- ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNAseq) in the tumor biopsy specimens and correlation genomic (e.g. mutational burden) and transcriptomic biomarkers with clinical outcome.

IV. To evaluate mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) function, Fc-gamma receptors (FcgammaRs) and hormone and chemokine mediators as methods to evaluate factors affecting the PK and PD of these agents.

V. To evaluate anti-drug antibody (ADA) titres changes pre and post treatment and correlate them with PK, toxicity and responses.

OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study of anetumab ravtansine. Patients are assigned to 1 of 3 arms.

ARM I: Patients receive anetumab ravtansine intravenously (IV) over 1 hour on day 1 and nivolumab IV over 30 minutes on day 8 of cycle 1 and on day 1 of subsequent cycles. Treatment repeats every 21 or 28 days (cycle 1) for up to 17 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

ARM II: Patients receive anetumab ravtansine IV over 1 hour on day 1 and nivolumab IV over 30 minutes on day 8 of cycle 1 and on day 1 of subsequent cycles. Patients also receive ipilimumab IV over 30 minutes on day 8 of cycle 1 and on day 1 of cycles 2-4. Treatment repeats every 21 or 28 days (cycle 1) for up to 17 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

ARM III: Patients receive anetumab ravtansine IV over 1 hour on day 1 and nivolumab IV over 30 minutes on day 8 of cycle 1 and on day 1 of subsequent cycles. Patients also receive gemcitabine hydrochloride over 30-40 minutes on days 1 and 8. Treatment repeats every 21 or 28 days (cycle 1) for up to 17 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 8 weeks for up to 100 days, then every 12 weeks thereafter.

Details

Condition	Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, Recurrent Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, Stage II Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v8, Stage IIA Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v8, Stage IIB Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v8, Stage III Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v8, Stage IV Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v8, Unresectable Pancreatic Carcinoma
Treatment	gemcitabine hydrochloride, Gemcitabine, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, anetumab ravtansine
Clinical Study Identifier	NCT03816358
Sponsor	National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Last Modified on	21 October 2022

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Eligibility		Yes	No	Not Sure
Inclusion Criteria
	Patients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed pancreatic adenocarcinoma that is metastatic or unresectable or recurrent
	Only subjects with positive mesothelin expression (Ventana mesothelin [MSLN]- immunohistochemistry [IHC]; Negative=H-score =< 10) are eligible. This is to be performed centrally. For dose escalation cohorts, patients with mesothelin expression in >= 5% of tumor cells are eligible. For dose expansion, patients must have moderate or strong tumor mesothelin expression defined as >= 30% of tumor cells with mesothelin expression of 2+/3 on immunohistochemical staining
	Patients must have received and either progressed or been intolerant to at least 1 systemic therapy
	Life expectancy of at least 3 months
	Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status score 0-1 (Karnofsky >= 80%)
	Prior anti-cancer treatments are permitted (i.e. chemotherapy, including gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel; radiotherapy; hormonal, or immunotherapy with the exception of anti-CTLA4, anti-PD1/PD-L1, and combination of anti-CTLA4 and anti-PD1/PD-L1) providing toxicity (except for alopecia) related to prior anti-cancer therapy and/or surgery have either resolved, improved to baseline or G1
	At least one (1) measurable lesion at baseline by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as per RECIST version (v)1.1; measurable disease is a requirement in both dose escalation phase and dose expansion phase
	Note: Measurable lesions may be in an irradiated field as long as there is documented progression and the lesion(s) can be reproducibly measured
	At least one lesion safely accessible for biopsy unless medically contraindicated
	biopsies are mandatory both in dose escalation and in dose expansion; in dose
	Patients must have archival tumor tissue for mesothelin expression and correlative biomarker studies; subjects must consent to provide tumor blocks or slides and the availability of the tissue must be confirmed prior to subjects receiving study medication; if an archived tumor specimen is unavailable or unsuitable for correlative biomarker studies, a pre-treatment fresh tumor biopsy is required
	Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test (minimum sensitivity 25 IU/L or equivalent units of HCG) within 24 hours of study enrollment or randomization; WOCBP must agree to appropriate methods of contraception for the duration of treatment and for 6 months after completion of treatment; males who are sexually active with a partner of childbearing potential must agree to appropriate methods of contraception for the duration of treatment plus 7 months post-treatment completion; for all male patients, prior to treatment, advice should be sought for conserving sperm due to the chance of irreversible infertility as a consequence of treatment; genetic consultation is recommended if the patient wishes to have children after ending treatment; the investigator or a designated associate is requested to advise the patient how to achieve highly effective birth control
	escalation and in expansion the following biopsies are optional: at baseline
	Highly effective (failure rate of less than 1% per year) contraception methods
	and at progression; biopsy could be: core needle or excisional or punch
	include
	biopsy. Irradiated lesions can be biopsied if tumor growth is confirmed
	Combined (estrogen and progesterone containing: oral, intravaginal, transdermal) and progesterone-only (oral, injectable, implantable) hormonal contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation
	Intrauterine device (IUD) or intrauterine hormone-releasing system (IUS)
	Bilateral tubal occlusion or vasectomized partner (provided that partner is the sole sexual partner and has received medical assessment of the surgical success)
	Sexual abstinence (reliability to be evaluated in relation to the duration of the clinical trial and the preferred and usual lifestyle of the patient)
	Note: a woman is considered WOCBP, i.e. fertile, following menarche and until becoming postmenopausal unless permanently sterile; permanent sterilization methods include but are not limited to hysterectomy, bilateral salpingectomy and bilateral oophorectomy
	Leukocytes >= 3,000/mcL
	Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1,500/mcL
	Male patients with a female partner of childbearing potential must use a condom
	Platelets >= 100,000/mcL
	and ensure that an additional form of contraception is also used during
	Hemoglobin >= 9 g/dL
	treatment plus 7 months post-treatment completion
	Patients must have not had a transfusion in the 2 weeks preceding this hemoglobin (Hb) measurement
	A postmenopausal state is defined as no menses for 12 months without an
	Total bilirubin =< institutional upper limit of normal (ULN)
	Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase [SGPT]) =< 3 x institutional ULN
	alternative medical cause; a high follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) level in
	Creatinine =< institutional ULN OR glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >= 60 mL/min/1.73 m^2 unless data exists supporting safe use at lower kidney function values, no lower than 30 mL/min/1.73 m^2
	the postmenopausal range may be used to confirm a postmenopausal state in
	Albumin >= 2.5 mg/dL
	women not using hormonal contraception or hormonal replacement therapy; a man
	Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document
	is considered fertile after puberty unless permanently sterile by bilateral
	orchiectomy
Exclusion Criteria
	Participation in another clinical study with an investigational product during the last 28 days or 5 half-lives prior to study day 1, whichever is shorter; concurrent enrollment in a non-interventional clinical study or the follow-up period of an interventional study is allowed
	Untreated central nervous system (CNS) metastatic disease, leptomeningeal disease, or cord compression; subjects with previously treated brain metastases may participate provided they are stable (without evidence of progression by imaging for at least six weeks prior to the first dose of trial treatment and any neurologic symptoms have returned to baseline), have no evidence of new or enlarging brain metastases, and are not using steroids for at least 14 days prior to trial treatment
	Evidence of uncontrolled, active infection, requiring parenteral anti-bacterial, anti-viral or anti-fungal therapy (washout: 7 days prior to cycle 1 day 1 [C1D1])
	Patients are prohibited from receiving the following therapies during the screening and treatment phase of this trial
	Antineoplastic systemic chemotherapy or biological therapy
	Radiation therapy
	Note: Radiation therapy to a symptomatic solitary lesion or to the brain may be considered on an exceptional case by case basis after consultation with Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (CTEP); the patient must have clear measurable disease outside the radiated field; administration of palliative radiation therapy will be considered clinical progression for the purposes of determining progression free survival (PFS)
	Any major surgery within 4 weeks of study drug administration
	Concomitant second malignancies (except adequately treated squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] or basal cell carcinoma [BCC] skin cancers or in situ bladder, breast or cervical cancers) within the last 3 years prior to study entry
	Uncontrolled or significant cardiovascular disease, including but not limited to ongoing or active symptomatic congestive heart failure, uncontrolled hypertension, unstable angina pectoris, unstable cardiac arrhythmia
	National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version (v)5 >= grade (G)2 peripheral neuropathy (sensory or motor)
	Patients with corneal epitheliopathy and at the discretion of the ophthalmologist any other eye disorder
	Note: Low grades of superficial punctate keratitis, within the range seen in the normal population, should not lead to the exclusion of the patient
	Active or prior documented inflammatory bowel disease (i.e. ulcerative colitis)
	Active or prior documented autoimmune disease within the past 2 years
	Note: subjects with vitiligo, Grave's disease, psoriasis not requiring systemic treatment or hypothyroidism (i.e. following Hashimoto syndrome) stable on hormone replacement are not excluded
	Live vaccines within 30 days prior to the first dose of trial treatment and while
	participating in the trial; examples of live vaccines include, but are not
	Active human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B or C infection; HIV-positive patients on antiretroviral therapy with undetectable viral load will not be excluded from the trial; subjects with treated hepatitis B or C with unquantifiable viral loads and no organ compromise are not excluded
	limited to, the following: measles, mumps, rubella, chicken pox, yellow fever
	Any condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would interfere with evaluation of study treatment or interpretation of patient safety or study results
	rabies, Bacillus Chalmette-Guerin (BCG), typhoid (oral) vaccine, and
	Pregnant women are excluded from this study because of the potential for teratogenic or abortifacient effects; because there is an unknown but potential risk for adverse events in nursing infants secondary to treatment of the mother, breastfeeding should be discontinued for at least 6 months after last dose of study drugs; these potential risks may also apply to other agents used in this study; should a patient become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while she is participating in this study, the patient should inform the treating physician immediately
	intranasal influenza vaccines (e.g., Flu-Mist)
	Participants who have had prior organ transplants (i.e. renal, lung, heart) due to the potential for increased rejection with immunotherapy
	Patients taking strong CYP3A4 inhibitors or strong CYP3A4 inducers within 2 weeks before the start of study treatment are excluded; consumption of grapefruit or its juice, and other fruit/juices which are strong CYP3A4 inhibitors within 2 weeks of study treatment is also not permitted; examples of strong CYP3A4 inhibitors include the following: indinavir, ritonavir, clarithromycin, itraconazole, ketoconazole, nefazodone, and saquinavir; examples of strong CYP3A4 inducers include the following: carbamazepine, rifampin, phenytoin, St. John's wort, and phenobarbital; these lists are not exhaustive
	Current or prior use of systemic immunosuppressive medication (except corticosteroids
	at physiological doses, not exceeding 10 mg prednisone-equivalent day) within
	days before the first dose of study medication; intranasal, inhaled
	topical, or local steroid injections are allowed; steroids as premedication
	for hypersensitivity reactions (i.e. CT scan premedication) are allowed
	systemic glucocorticoids used to modulate symptoms from an event of suspected
	immunologic etiology are permitted
	Recent history or current evidence of bleeding disorder (i.e. any CTCAE G >= 2
	hemorrhage/bleeding event within 28 days before the start of treatment)

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A Phase I Study of Anetumab Ravtansine in Combination With Either Anti-PD-1 Antibody, or Anti-CTLA4 and Anti-PD-1 Antibodies or Anti-PD-1 Antibody and Gemcitabine in Mesothelin-Positive Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma