A Randomized Trial of Sirolimus (Rapamune(R)) for Relapse Prevention in Patients With Severe Aplastic Anemia Responsive to Immunosuppressive Therapy
-
- STATUS
- Recruiting
-
- End date
- Aug 31, 2023
-
- participants needed
- 118
-
- sponsor
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Summary
- Background
People with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) do not make enough red and white blood cells, and/or platelets. Their body's immune system stops the bone marrow from making these cells. The treatment cyclosporine leads to better blood counts. But when this treatment is stopped, the disease may return in 1 in 3 people. The drug sirolimus may help by suppressing the immune system.
- Objective
To evaluate and compare the usefulness of sirolimus in preventing aplastic anemia from returning after cyclosporine is stopped, compared with stopping cyclosporine alone.
- Eligibility
People ages 2 and older with SAA who:
Have responded to immunosuppressive therapy that includes cyclosporine, and continue to take cyclosporine
Are not taking drugs with hematologic effects
- Design
Participants will be screened with:
Medical history
Physical exam
Blood and urine tests
Bone marrow biopsy: The area above the hipbone will be numbed. A thin needle will remove
some bone marrow.
Participants will be randomly assigned to a group. All will stop cyclosporine. Group 1 will take sirolimus by mouth at the same time each day for 3 months with close monitoring. Group 2 will not receive the study drug but will be monitored closely.
Participants will have clinical tests for the first 3 months:
Weekly blood test
Monthly fasting blood test
For group 1, measurements of sirolimus in the blood every 1 2 weeks
Participants will have clinic visits at 3 months, 12 months, and annually for 5 years after the study starts. They may have another visit if their SAA returns. These will include:
Blood and urine tests
Bone marrow biopsy
Description
- Most acquired aplastic anemia ensues from immune-mediated destruction of hematopoietic
stem and progenitor cells.
- Immunosuppression is the definitive treatment of patients with acquired aplastic anemia who are not candidates for immediate hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
- Horse ATG combined with the calcineurin inhibitor, cyclosporine (CsA), remains standard as first-line immunosuppressive therapy (IST).
- Hematologic responses to transfusion independence occur in about two thirds of patients with standard IST and in 80-90% of patients treated with IST in combination with the growth factor eltrombopag.
- About 30% to 40% of patients relapse after discontinuation of cyclosporine.Many achieve disease control after the reinitiation of CSA, but remain CSA dependent indefinitely.
- Evidence from mouse models of bone marrow failure indicates that conversion from cyclosporine to the mTOR inhibitor, sirolimus (SRL), results in immune tolerance which can endure the eventual withdrawal of SRL.
- We hypothesize that CSA to SRL conversion will significantly decrease the relapse rate after immunosuppressive therapy for acquired aplastic anemia.
- This study will investigate the safety and efficacy of SRL for preventing relapse in patients -previously treated with IST who remain on CSA. The primary endpoint is rate of relapse at 2 years following conversion from CSA to SRL, versus stopping CSA.
- Biological sampling of peripheral blood and bone marrow aspirates during treatment will be used to investigate changes to lymphocyte phenotypes and cytokine profiles.
Details
| Condition | Severe Aplastic Anemia |
|---|---|
| Treatment | Sirolimus |
| Clinical Study Identifier | NCT02979873 |
| Sponsor | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) |
| Last Modified on | 24 October 2022 |
How to participate?
,
You have contacted , on
Your message has been sent to the study team at ,
What happens next?
- You can expect the study team to contact you via email or phone in the next few days.
- Sign up as volunteer to help accelerate the development of new treatments and to get notified about similar trials.
You are contacting
Primary Contact
Additional screening procedures may be conducted by the study team before you can be confirmed eligible to participate.
Learn moreIf you are confirmed eligible after full screening, you will be required to understand and sign the informed consent if you decide to enroll in the study. Once enrolled you may be asked to make scheduled visits over a period of time.
Learn moreComplete your scheduled study participation activities and then you are done. You may receive summary of study results if provided by the sponsor.
Learn moreSimilar trials to consider
Browse trials for
Not finding what you're looking for?
Sign up as a volunteer to stay informed
Every year hundreds of thousands of volunteers step forward to participate in research. Sign up as a volunteer and receive email notifications when clinical trials are posted in the medical category of interest to you.
Sign up as volunteer