Last updated on February 2018

Myeloablative Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation in Hematological Diseases

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Brief description of study

RATIONALE: Giving chemotherapy drugs, such as fludarabine and cyclophosphamide, and total-body irradiation before a donor umbilical cord blood stem cell transplant helps stop the growth of cancer cells and prepares the patient's bone marrow for the stem cells. When the healthy stem cells from a donor are infused into the patient they may help the patient's bone marrow make stem cells, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Sometimes the transplanted cells from a donor can make an immune response against the body's normal cells. Giving cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil may stop this from happening.

PURPOSE: This phase II trial is studying how well giving fludarabine and cyclophosphamide together with total-body irradiation works in treating patients who are undergoing an umbilical cord blood transplant for hematologic cancer.

Detailed Study Description

OBJECTIVES

Primary

• Determine the 1-year survival of patients undergoing unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) for hematologic malignancies treated with myeloablative preparative regimen comprising fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and fractionated total-body irradiation.

Secondary

• Determine the incidence of transplant-related mortality at 6 months after UCBT.
• Evaluate the pattern of chimerism after double UCBT.
• Determine the incidence of neutrophil engraftment at day 42 after UCBT.
• Determine the incidence of platelet engraftment at 6 months after UCBT.
• Determine the incidence of grade II-IV and grade III-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) at day 100 after UCBT.
• Determine the incidence of chronic GVHD at 1 year after UCBT.
• Determine the disease-free survival at 1 and 2 years after UCBT.
• Determine the incidence of relapse at 1 year after UCBT.

OUTLINE: This is a nonrandomized, open-label, multicenter study.

• Preparative Regimen: Patients receive fludarabine IV over 1 hour on days -8 to -6 and cyclophosphamide IV on days -7 and -6. Patients also undergo total-body irradiation twice daily on days -4 to -1.
• Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation (UCBT): Patients undergo 1 or 2 units of UCBT on day 0. Patients receive filgrastim (G-CSF) IV once daily beginning on day 1 and continuing until blood counts recover.
• Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis: Patients receive cyclosporine IV over 2 hours 2 or 3 times daily beginning on day -3 and continuing until day 100 followed by a taper until day 180. Patients also receive mycophenolate mofetil IV or orally 2 or 3 times a day beginning on day -3 and continuing until day 30 or 7 days after engraftment in the absence of acute GVHD.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed periodically for at least 5 years.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 150 patients will be accrued for this study.